FOURTH EDITION. Greatly Enlarged, with over 80 tllustrations in the Text 
and 6 full page Engravings, printed on Heavy Tint Paper. 1 Kol. 12mo., 240 
pages. Neatly Bound in Cloth, Gilt Title. Price $1.00. 
HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPE. 
A SIMPLE AND PRACTICAL BOOK, INTENDED FOR BEGINNERS. 
By JOHN PHIEN:, 
Editor of ‘The American Fournal of Microscopy.” 
CONDENSED TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
Tue Microscope.—What it Is; What it Does; Different Kinds of Microscopes; 
Principles of its Construct on; Names of the Different Parts. 
SIMPLE Microscopes.—Hand Magnifiers; Doublets; Power of Two or More 
Lenses When Used Together; Stanhope Lens; Coddington Lens; Achromatic 
Doublets and Triplets; ‘Twenty-five Cent Microscopes—and How to Make Them; 
Penny Microscopes, to Show Eels in Paste and Vinegar. 
DissecTING Microscopres.—Essentials of a Good Dissecting Microscope. 
CompounD MicroscopEs.—Cheap Foreign Stands; The Ross Model; The Jackson 
Model; The Continental Model; The New American Model; Cheap American 
Stands; The Binocular Microscope; The Binocular Eye-piece; The Inverted Micro- 
scope; Lithological Microscopes; The Aquarium Microscope; Microscopes for 
Special Purposes; ‘‘Class’’ Microscopes. 
OxsjECTIVES.—Defects of Common Lenses; Spherical Aberration; Chromatic do. ; 
Corrected Objectives; Defining Power; Achromatism; Aberration of Form; Flatness 
of Field; Angular Aperture; Penetrating Power‘ Working Distance; Immersion and 
‘‘Homogeneous”’ Lenses; Duplex Fronts; French Triplets, etc., etc. 
TEsTING ObsjEcTiIvEs.—General Rules; Accepted Standards—Diatoms, Ruled 
Lines, Artificial Star; Podura; Nobert’s Lines; Moller’s Probe Platte, etc., etc. 
SELECTION OF A_ MicroscopeE.—Must be Adapted to Requirements and Skill of 
User; Microscopes for Botany; For Physicians; For Students. 
Accessory APPARATUS.—Stage Forceps; Forceps Carrier; Plain Slides; Concave 
Slides; Watch-Glass Holder; Animalcule Cage; Zoophyte Trough; The Weber Slide; 
The Cell-Trough; The Compressorium; Gravity Compressorium; Growing Slides; 
Frog Plate; Table; Double Nose-piece. 
ILLUMINATION.—Sun-Light; Artificial Light—Candles, Gas, Lamps, etc., etc. 
ILLUMINATION OF OPAQUE OpjEcTS.—Bulls-Eye Condenser; Side Reflector; The 
Lieberkuhn; The Parabolic Reflector; Vertical Iiluminators. 
ILLUMINATION OF TRANSPARENT OpjeCcTS.—Direct and Reflected Light; Axial or 
Central Ligh ; Oblique Light; The Achromatic Condenser; The Webster Condenser, 
and How to Useit; Wenham’s Reflex Illuminator, and How to Use it; The Wenham 
Prism; The “ Half-Button;” The Woodward Illuminator; Tolles’ Illuminating 
Traverse Lens; The Spot Lens; The Parabolic Illuminator; Polarized Light. 
How To Use THE Microscope.—General Rules; Hints to Beginners. 
How to Use Osjectives oF LARGE APERTURE.—Collar-Correction, etc. 
CARE OF THE Microscope.—Should be Kept Covered; Care of Objectives; Pre- 
cautions te be Used when Corrosive Vapors and Liquids are Employed; To Protect 
tlhe Objectives from Vapors which Corrode Glass; Cleaning the Objectives; Cleaning 
th Brass Work. : 
= OPER TING Oxsjyects.—Where to Find Objects; What to Look for; How to Capture 
em, 
THE PREPARATION AND EXAMINATION OF ObsjecTs.—Cutting Thin Sections of 
Soft Substances; Valentine’s Knife; Sections of Wood and Bone; Improved Section 
Cutter; Sections of Rock; Knives; Scissors; Needles; Dissecting Pans and Dishes; 
Dissecting Microscopes; Separation of Deposits from Liquids; Preparing Whole 
Insects; Feet, Eyes, ‘Tongues, Wings, etc , of Insects; Use of Chemical Tests; Liquids 
for Moistening Objects; Refractive Powers of Different Liquids; Iod-Serum; Artificial 
Iod-Serum; Covers for Keeping Out Dust; Errors in Microscopic Observations. 
PRESERVATIVE ProcessEs.—General Principles; Preservative Media. 
APPARATUS FOR MounTinG Opjects.—Slides; Covers; Cells; Turn-Tables, etc. 
CEMENTS AND VaRNISHES.—General Rules for Using. Ry a 
MountinG Opjects.—Mounting Transparent Objects Dry; in Balsam; in Liquids; 
Whole Insects; How to Get Rid of Air-Bubbles; Mounting Opaque Objects. 
FINISHING THE SLipEs.—Cabinets; Maltwood Finder; Microscopical Fallacies. 
