Dr. R. H. Traquair — New Carboniferous Fish-remains. 35 



The following is a list of the fish remains from this ironstone which have as yet 

 come under my notice. 



Ganoidei. 



Acanthodes, sp. 



Ccelacanthu?: striatus, n.sp. 



Bhizodus Hihberti, Ag. sp. 



JVematopti/chius Greenockii. Ag. sp. 



Elonichthys Rohisoni, Ag. var. 



Elonichthys, sp. 



Gonatodus macrolepis, Traq. 



Gonatodus, sp. 



Ganopristodus splendens, n.g. and sp. 



Selachii. 

 Gyracantlius tuherculatus, Ag. 

 Tristichius arcuatus, Ag. 

 Ctenoptychius pectinatus, Ag. 

 Cladodus hicuspidatus, n.sp. 

 Ciinopodius crenulatus, n.g. and sp. 

 Pleuracanthils elegans, n.sp. 

 Diplodus parvulus, n.sp. 

 Euctenius elegans. n.g. and sp. 



DlPNOIi 



Ctenodus angu^tulus, n.sp. 

 , sp. indet. 



Selachii. — Cladodus hicuspidatus, n.sp. 



TJsual length of tooth from |- to | inch ; a fi-agment shows that occasionally a 

 larger size was attained. Base narrow, slightly reniform, gently convex behind, and 

 slightly notched in front at the base of the principal cone; Principal or median 

 cusp or cone varying much in slenderness, smooth, poHshed, acutely pointed, sharply 

 carinated on both sides from its origin, more or less flexed backwards, and sometimes 

 also inclined to one side ; close to its origin in front a shallow concavity or groove 

 appears passing into the notch on the anterior margin of the base. Sometimes only 

 one cusp is present, more usually a single erect lateral denticle is found, about |- to -^ 

 the height of the median cusp, but in no instance is this balanced by one on the 

 opposite side. In one case the two cusps are nearly exactly of the same size. 



I have now upwards of thirty of these teeth before me, all of which display the 

 same essential characters, though there is a wide range of variation as regards the 

 slenderness, straightness, and relative size of the two cusps. Two specimens show 

 each a cluster of teeth lying amid remains of the calcified cranial cartiLage, and in 

 one of these specimens, two teeth remain in their original relative position, one 

 behind the other. It most nearly resembles 0. Pattersoni, of ]S"ewberry, but may at 

 once be distinguished by its two nearly parallel cones, of which the large one at least 

 is trenchant to its origin. Regarding C Fattersoni, Professor ]M"ewberry also states 

 that "the teeth are placed in quincunx order instead of forming antero-posterior 

 rows as in most of our sharks." 



Cynopodius crenidatiis, n.g. and sp. 



Peculiar spoon-shaped bodies varjdng in length from half to one inch, and pre- 

 senting a slender, straight, or slightly curved subcylindiical stalk, expanding at one 

 extremity into a flattened, rounded, or obtusely hexagonal spatuliform piece. The 

 spatuliform exti-emity is apparently covered with a thin layer of ganoine, which in 

 one aspect (anterior) extends on to the stalk for about one-third to one-half its 

 length, teiTQinatiug behind in a point. Laterally and anteriorly the margins of this 

 expanded portion are coarsely notched or creniilated, and froni between the crentila- 

 tions little grooves converge inwards over the surface towards the origin of the stalk. 

 The stalk itself beyond the ganoid portion, which is very distinctly marked off, is 

 rough and was evidently imbedded. The other side (posterior), rarely seen, is flatter, 

 the spatuliform extremity is also marked with converging grooves, but the ganoid 

 character of the surface scarcely extends on to the stalk. The stalk itself shows 

 in different specimens considerable variations in its length, and also in its form, some- 

 times it is flattened on both aspects, sometimes obtusely carinated in front, and in 

 most cases it shows a slight curvatm-e, the convexity being anterior. 



The microscopic structm-e strongly reminds us of Ctenoptychius pccthiat'.ts, — as 

 in that form, in spite of the external appearance of a ganoid layer upon the free 

 extremity, no such distinct layer is detectable in thin sections. 



Whether these singular bodies are teeth, or dermal appendages, it is hard to say. 

 At all events they seem to be selachian in their nature, and their resemblance to 

 Ctenoptychius pectinatus, Ag., which Messrs. Hancock and Atthey considered as 

 probably belonging to the latter category, is sufiiciently obvious. The name Cynopodius 

 is given in allusion to the manner in which the form of these bodies reminds us to 

 some extent of the fore leg and paw of a dog. 



