H. S. Eolvorth — The Mammoth in Europe. 201 



Elepbanti sceleton necessaria " (see Tentzel, Epist. de Sceleto 

 Eleph., Phil. Trans, vol. xix. ; Cuvier, Ossemens Eossiles, 4th ed. 

 vol. ii. pp. 81—84). 



A second skeleton described by Cuvier was discovered 50 feet 

 from the former one. This was in a cramped and curved position, 

 occupying a space 20 feet in length, the hind-feet being near the 

 tusks. The latter had fallen out of the alveoles and were crossed 

 (Cuvier, oip. cit. p. 85). 



From the valley of the Oder we have the record in Volkmann's 

 Silesia subterranea of the discovery of the bones of a giant in 

 diffffing: the foundation of a church at Leignitz. These bones, like 

 similar bones from other sites, were probably those of a Mammoth. 



Brockman (Epist. itin. p. 30) mentions the finding of a skeleton 

 of a Mammoth at Tiede, in the valley of the Ocker, a short 

 distance from Wolfenbuttel, of which Leibnitz figured a molar tooth. 

 Another skeleton was found at Osterode, at the foot of the Hartz, 

 by Dr. Koenig. These finds are both mentioned by De Blainville, 

 who adds that skeletons have also been found in the valley of the 

 Uustrut {op. cit. p. 119). Schlotheim mentions an entire skeleton of 

 a Ehinoceros found in 1781 at Ballenstedt, which was broken by 

 the workmen (Cuvier, op. cit. p. 93). 



South Germany, with its mountainous contour, was not well 

 adapted to the habits of the great pachyderms, and, like the 

 mountainous district of Siberia, is not so fruitful in Mammoths' 

 remains as the more level countr3\ We a fortiori, therefore, do 

 not meet with so many cases of skeletons or parts of skeletons 

 found more or less intact. In 1605 a tusk with some Elephants' 

 bones were found near Halle, in Suabia ; the tusk still hangs in the 

 church of Halle (Cuvier, op. cit. p. 95). Schlotheim, in his Connais- 

 sance des Petrifactions, p. 5, speaks of a skeleton found near Passau, 

 at the confluence of the Inn and Danube (see Cuvier, op. cit. p. 97). 

 In 1807 many portions of an elephant's skeleton well preserved 

 were found at Neustaedt or Vag Ugheli, on the Vag in Hungary (id. 

 pp. 98, 99), A vertebra, teeth and ribs, forming no doubt portions 

 of a similar skeleton, were found in Syrmia between the Save and 

 the river of Baczinco (id. p. 99). 



When we travel into the Ehine-lands, we find ourselves in 

 a district rich in remains of the Mammoth, and several skeletons 

 are recorded as having been found there. 



In 1577 the skeleton of a so-called giant was found at Lucerne 

 under an oak-tree which was overturned by a storm. Felix Plater, 

 professor of medicine at Basle, described the bones as the remains 

 of a giant, and designed a human skeleton nineteen feet high, to 

 match the bones, of which a picture is still preserved in the Jesuits' 

 College at Lucerne. On it is an inscription giving a list of the 

 bones. These bones were seen by Blumenbach, and recognized_^ as 

 those of an elephant (Cuv. op. cit. jip. 72, 73). 



In the year 7 of the first Eepublic, an almost complete skeleton 

 was found at Vendenheim, a short distance from Strasburgh, in an 

 outlier of the Yosges. A few years earlier, another skeleton was 



