I). Milne Home — Glaciation of the Shetlands. 205 



probably covered Ireland, and were the favourite retreats of the 

 Megaceros, were also uncongenial to it, so that its remains are very 

 rare there ; but it is important to remember that the reasons for its 

 rarity in these areas were topographical and not climatic ones. 



We saw that one of the curious features of the distribution of 

 the extinct mammals in the surface deposits of Siberia was their 

 occurrence in immense hecatombs, in which the bones of various 

 animals are mixed together pell-mell. The very same thing occurs 

 also in Europe. Your readers are familiar enough with the famous 

 deposit found at Canstadt, in Wurtemberg, in 1700. Eeisel says 

 that more than sixty tusks from this deposit were sent to the 

 Pharmacy of the Court, to be used as fossil Unicorns' bones. In 

 this great deposit the bones and teeth lay in a confused mass in 

 a deposit of yellow brickearth, containing fresh- water shells. Many 

 of the remains from this deposit are now at Stuttgardt, and include 

 Elephant, Ehinoceros, Horse, Deer, Oxen, and small Carnivora. In 

 1816 another great depot or cache of the same kind was discovered 

 at Seelberg, about 600 paces from Canstadt, on the other side of the 

 Neckar, and excavations were systematically carried on. In twenty- 

 four hours, twenty-one teeth and parts of teeth, and many bones, 

 were found ; on the second day, thirteen tusks, placed close together, 

 with many molars. The greater part of the tusks from this site, 

 although they had lost their alveolar portion and their points, were 

 eight feet long, the molars were from two inches to a foot in length, 

 and some were found still adhering to the jawbones. The tusks 

 were much curved. As in 1700, the Elephants' remains were found 

 mixed with those of the Ehinoceros, Horse, Stag, Bear, etc. (Cuvier, 

 0. F. pp. 86-92). 



In 1817 M. JBerger, of Brunswick, found an immense depot of 

 bones and tusks of Elephants mixed with the bones of Ehinoceros, 

 Horses, Cattle, and Deer, in the district of Lindenberg, on the Ocker. 

 Eleven tusks and thirty molars were clearly distinguished as those 

 of the Mammoth (id. pp. 101-102). 



In the reign of Peter the Great an immense mass of Elephants' 

 bones, with those of other animals, were found at Kostynsk, near 

 Voronej, on the Don, in Eussia. They were attributed by the Tzar 

 to the campaigns of Alexander the Great {id. p. 122). 

 (To be continued in our next Number.) 



V. — On The Glaciation of the Shetlands.^ 

 By David Milne Home, F.R.S.E., F.G.S. 



IN the February Number of the Geological Magazine, there is an 

 article by Messrs. B. N. Peach and J. Home, answering the doubts 

 expressed by me regarding the soundness of their views on this 

 subject. 



These doubts, after a perusal of their interesting paper in the 

 Quarterly Journal of the London Geological Society for November, 



1 Being the reply of Mr. Milne Home to the answers by Messrs. B. N. Peach and 

 J. Home, of the Scotch Geological SiU'vey, to his criticism of their paper on the 

 Glaciation of the Shetlands. 



