32 Reviews — Prof. A. Gaudry — On Evolution. 



" A considerable portion of the country, as shown by sctions Nos. 1 

 and 2, is underlaid by a limestone formation,, which is always found 

 to be favourable to the natural storage of water underground, A 

 list of 17 stations is given with the principal wells met with on the 

 route, and the formation in which each occur." 



It appears from Mr. Lyell Brown's report that " water is rather 

 plentiful in the older rock formations, although it cannot be deter- 

 mined before sinking whether it will be brackish or fresh. The 

 numerous beds of limestone which are interstratified with the other 

 rocks are, as mentioned above, favourable to the storage of water in 

 caves and hollows and underground streams. The occurrence of 

 calcareous conglomerate and tufa on the surface of the older rocks, 

 and in gullies and creeks traversing them, points to the eruption of 

 water charged with lime at some not very remote period. The 

 Flinders and other ranges lying to the south of the plain and sand- 

 hill country act as a dam to prevent the subterranean water from 

 reaching the sea ; this gives rise to the natural artesian springs, 

 such as Mulligan, Blanchwater, etc., etc. This area is coloured 

 green on the map. The natural artesian wells show that in those 

 localities water will rise to the surface when the water-bearing 

 strata have been pierced. Whether it will do so all over the area 

 above mentioned depends on the level of the land, the depth of the 

 formation, the undulations of the bed rock, etc. It is, however, 

 certain enough that water will be found in sufficient quantities by 

 sinking to a moderate depth." 



Evolution of Life in Paleozoic Times. 



II. — The Connection of the Animal World in Geological Times. 



By Prof. A. Gaudry, Memb. Inst. 

 Les Enchainments du Monde Animal dans les Temps Geologiques 



Fossiles Primaires. Par Albert Gaudry, Memb. Inst., Professeur 



de Paleontologie au Museum d'Histoire Naturelle. Eoyal 8vo. 



pp. 320, avec 285 gravures dans le texte. (Paris, F. Savy, 1883.) 



'E have again to express our thanks to Professor Gaudry for 

 another valuable text-book of Palaeontology added to our 

 Library. His former volume ^ dealt with the Evolution of the 

 Tertiary Mammalia — in which branch of study he is the master par 

 excellence. The present work deals with the fossils of the Primary 

 Eocks, Chapter I. being devoted to a sketch of the progress of 

 Palseontology, "in which," says Prof. Gaudry, "we can distinguish 

 two phases : first, one in which Naturalists recognize that there has 

 been, before the coming of man on the earth, an immense lapse of 

 time, during which many of the now existing foruis of animals were 

 already living ; and a second, or that which has established chrono- 

 logical geology, that is to say, which has shown that the past ages 

 were divided into a number of epochs characterized by special 



1 Les Enchainments du Monde Animal dans les Temps Geologiques. Mammiferes 

 Tertiaires. Par Prof. A. Gaudry. Royal 8vo. pp 296, avec 312 gravures dan le 

 texte. (Paris, F. Savy, 1878). See Geol. Mag. 1878, Dec. II. Vol. V. pp. 221-7. 



