474 Reports and Proceedings — 



area. The surface of the mountain region descends 1000 feet in 

 the southern, or last, three miles ; and in the latitude of Lakeville 

 the width, as the map presented shows, diminishes abruptly from 

 five miles to a narrow neck of six-tenths of a mile. The area south. 

 is of limestone, and the neck of schists referred to is hardly 160 feet 

 in height above it. 



The limestone may in some places be seen emerging from beneath 

 the schist at a small angle ; and at one locality a low oven-shaped 

 anticlinal of limestone has the schist covering all but a narrow 

 portion at the top ; the quarrymen had to remove the schist to 

 work at the limestone. Several narrow strips or belts of limestone, 

 S. 15° W. in direction, corresponding with the direction of this part 

 of the range, show out through the sides of the mountain where 

 local anticlinals have had their tops worn off. Further, the dip of 

 the schist over much of the southern slope is southerl}', and at 

 a small angle, but with many local anticlinals and synclinals. In 

 addition, there are small areas of schist in the limestone region, like 

 straggling portions of the dwindled mountain, which appear in 

 general to be remains of local flexures. 



There is the plainest evidence that the limestone formation of 

 southern and south-eastern Salisbury comes out from beneath the 

 dwindled, flattened-out, and worn-off mountain synclinal. And the 

 reason why this limestone is exposed to view over plains miles in 

 width, east and west of the Taconic Mountain, as well as to the 

 south, is simply this, that the once overlying schist has been removed 

 because in badly broken anticlinals and synclinals. 



The paper closes with an allusion to the orographic, stratigraphical, 

 and lithological interest of the facts, and to their important bearing 

 on the question of the origin and chronology of certain kinds of 

 crystalline rocks, such as chloritic, garnetiferous, and staurolitic 

 mica-schists, as well as others less coarsely crystalline. 



9. — Gleanings from Outcrops of Silurian Strata in Eed Eiver 

 Valley, Manitoba. 



By J. HoYES Panton, M.A., Principal of the Collegiate Department, "Winnipeg. 



rpHE country north of Winnipeg is apparently a very level prairie, 

 J. but there are several places where Silurian beds crop out — 

 sometimes from beneath the drift on the banks of the Eed Eiver and 

 Cook's Creek; sometimes as rocks projecting above the prairie-level. 

 The beds exposed are Limestones, which are worked for ornamental 

 and other purposes. 



There are four localities on the river banks, sixteen to twenty-one 

 miles north-east of Winnipeg, which the author groups together as 

 yielding much the same fauna ; these are between St. Andrews 

 (North) and East Selkirk. The fossils found here are Palceophycus, 

 numerous Corals, and Cephalopods, some Brachiopods and Trilobites. 



The localities north and north-west of Winnipeg give a rather 

 different fauna. Stony Mountain rises in a horseshoe shape, about 

 sixty feet above the prairie on the north and north-west sides, sloping 



