Tvnf. T. G. Bonnet/ — British Archcean Rocks. 521 



GJijptaspis and Onchus in Pennsylvania are somewhat older than 

 those containing Pteraspis and Onchvs in England. 



Microscopic examination of the specimens, and a comparison of 

 their structure with that of Pteraspis and Cephalaspis, are in progress, 

 and the details will be given in the paper. Other fossils in the 

 author's possession indicate the possible existence of fish at a still 

 earlier date, but the material is not yet worked out. 



21. — The Ocouerence, Localities, and Output of the Economic 



Minerals OF Canada. 



By "William Hamilton Merritt, F.G.S.; 



Associate Eoyal School of Mines, etc. 



IN this paper an endeavour was made to collect from the maps of 

 the Geological Survey the number of localities where the various 

 economic minerals found in Canada are situated, and the geological 

 formation in which the occurrences exist. 



From the Trade Navigation Eeturns, and the Annual Mining 

 Eeport of Nova Scotia, the mineral output for the past year has been 

 compiled in order to show the present condition of mining industry 

 in Canada. 



The lack of encouragement and assistance to the mining industry, 

 from the non-existence of any department in the Central Government 

 for collecting reports and statistics on mining, was very forcibly 

 alluded to. 



The paper was accompanied by a list of the principal localities of 

 the economic minerals of Canada and the geological formation in 

 which they occur. This list showed that the indications of valuable 

 ores are very numerous and widespread from Newfoundland on the 

 Atlantic to British Columbia on the Pacific Ocean. The chief yield 

 is shown to be from Coal, Gold, Iron, Gypsum, Apatite and Copper. 



It was also pointed out that it was not intended to convey the idea 

 that the different minerals were limited to the localities mentioned. 

 They ought more to be looked upon as a few indications of an ex- 

 ceptionally large mining development which is hopefully looked 

 forward to in the near future. 



n 



22. — On the Arch^an Eocks of Great Britain. 

 By Prof. T. G. Bonney, D.Sc, LL.D., F.E.S., Pres.G.S. 

 1HE author in this paper (which by order of the General Com- 

 J_ raittee will be printed in extenso among the Eeports of the 

 Association in the volume for 1884) describes the lithological 

 characters of the various rock groups in Great Britain which have 

 been regarded as Archtean, giving also a brief sketch of the strati- 

 graphical and other arguments which have led geologists to con- 

 sider them more ancient than the Cambrian strata. The paper 

 contains notices of the following districts: — The Lizard region, 

 Cornwall; South Devon; Malvern Hills; the Wrekin ; the Lickey 

 Hills; the Hartshill Eidge ; the Charn wood Forest Eegion ; Pem- 

 brokeshire, Carnarvonshire and Anglesey; the Scotch Highlands, 



