568 Revieivs — Phillips's Manual of Geology — 



arrest the travel of the shingle, state — {a) Their direction with respect to the shore- 

 line at that point. (/;) Their length. (/) Their distance apart, {d) Their height — 

 (1) When biiilt. (2) To leeward above the shingle. (3) To windward above the 

 shingle. — ie) The material of which they are built. (/) The influence which they 

 exert. 13. If shingle, sand, or rock is being artificially removed, state — {a) From 

 what part of the foreshore (with respect to the tidal range) the material is mainly 

 taken, (b) For what purpose, (c) By whom — Private individuals, local authori- 

 ties, public companies, (d) Whether half-tide reefs had, before such removal, acted 

 as natural breakwaters. 14. Is the coast being worn back by the sea ? If so, state — 

 {a) At what special points or districts, (b) The nature and height of tbe cliffs at 

 those places, (c) At what rate the erosion now takes place, {d) What data there 

 may be for determining the rate from early maps or other documents, (c) Is such 

 loss confined to areas bare of shingle ? 15. Is the bareness of shingle at any of these 

 places due to artificial causes ? («) By abstraction of shingle, [b) By the erection 

 of groynes, and the arresting of shingle elsewhere. 16. Apart from the increase 

 of land by increase of shingle, is any land being gained from the sea ? If so, state — 

 {a) From what caiise, as embanking salt-marsh or tidal foreshore, [b) The area so 

 regained, and from what date. 17. Are there " dunes " of blown sand in your 

 district? If so, state— («) The name by which they are locally known. (J) Their 

 mean and greatest height, (e) Their relation to river mouths and to areas of 

 shingle, {d) If they are now increasing, (e) If they blow over the land; or are 

 prevented from so doing by " bent grass " or other vegetation, or by water channels. 

 18. Mention any reports, papers, maps, or newspaper articles that have appeared 

 iipon this question bearing upon your district (copies will be thankfully received by 

 the Secretaries). 19. Eemarks bearing on the subject that may not seem covered 

 by the foregoing questions. 



N.B. — Answers to the foregoing questions will in most cases be rendered more 

 precise and valuable by sketches illustrating the points referred to. 



IS IE V I IE AAT S. 



Manual of Geology, Theoretical and Practical. By John 

 Phillips, LL.D., P.R.S. In Two Parts. Part I. Physical 

 Geology and Palaeontology, by H. G. Seeley, F.R.S. With 

 Tables and Illustrations. 8vo. pp. xiv. and 546. (London : 

 Charles Griffin & Co., 1885.) 



THE publishers of the present Manual have evidently acted upon 

 the conviction that the name of the veteran geologist, John 

 Phillips, is as a strong tower, and still retains a charm for geologists. 



And such indeed is doubtless the case amongst those scientific 

 men who have a lively personal recollection of his speeches and 

 discourses, but it can hardly weigh much with, the generation of 

 younger geologists, for whom the name will only sound as a faint 

 echo from the past, awakening no vivid memoi'ies of pleasant days. 



There can be no doubt as to the popularity which. Prof. Phillips 

 enjoyed, whether in connection with the Yorkshire Philosophical 

 Society, the British Association, or the University of Oxford. His 

 genial kindly manner to all, his happy and ready address, and the 

 ease and fluency with which he spoke in public, all tended to make 

 him a firm favourite among his contemporaries. 



In these days of hurry, and eager competition for recognition, 

 when the footprints of the pioneer of yesterday are speedily ob- 

 literated by the new man of to-day, there is a noble and kindly 

 sentiment suggested in the retention of Phillips's name on the title 

 of the present Manual. But as the last edition of Phillips's work' 



