120 Prof. C. Lapii'orth — Life and Works of Linnarsson. 



trious Barrande himself, and accompanied b}'' him to several of the 

 more important geological localities in the field. His chief object 

 was the collection of material for instituting a comparison between 

 the Bohemian succession and that of his native land ; and in this he 

 was remarkably successful. His parallelism of the several forma- 

 tions of the Lower Paleozoic sequence of the two countries is by 

 far the best yet instituted, and is likely to hold its own until 

 Barrande himself makes known a more fully detailed description of 

 the rocks and fossils of Bohemia. According to Linnarsson, 

 Barrande's Primordial Zone of Skrey represents merely the lower 

 half of the Swedish Cambrian — the upper or Olenus division being 

 wanting in Bohemia, Etage D. represents the whole of the 

 Swedish beds of the second fauna. The zones D 1 — D 4 answer 

 collectively to the Swedish formations Ceratopyge Limestone, Lower 

 Graptolite Shales, Orthoceras Limestone and the Chasmops Lime- 

 stone. Zone D 5 answers precisely to the Trinucleus Shales of 

 Sweden, in position and fossil remains. The Brachiopod Schists of 

 Sweden appear to have no equivalent in Bohemia, but the Upper 

 Graptolite Schists correspond to the Graptolitic Shales at the base of 

 Barrande's Etage E. E. 1. The Gothland Limestone stands generally 

 in the place of the Bohemian Etage E. E. 1 and 2, but the Etages 

 F. G. and H. of Barrande are utterly wanting in Scandinavia. 



Linnarsson devoted special attention to the phenomena of the 

 "Colonies" of Bohemia; and, judging from what he examined of the 

 localities, he considered that such stratigraphical evidence as was 

 apparent supported the views of Barrande himself. 



From Bohemia Linnarsson travelled, by way of Breslau, to St. 

 Petersburg and the Russian Baltic Provinces, and spent three weeks 

 in the study of the Lower PalEeozoic rocks and fossils of this region, 

 in part under the guidance of Magister Schmidt. The material he col- 

 lected furnished him with the means of instituting a parallel between 

 the Lower Palaeozoic rocks of Eussia and Sweden, comparable with 

 that worked out for Bohemia. According to Linnarsson's scheme, 

 the deepest stratum visible in the Baltic Provinces — the Blaue Thon 

 of Schmidt — answers generally to the Eophytou Sandstone or basal 

 sandstone of Sweden. The well-known Unguliten Sandstein re- 

 presents the Swedish Fucoid sandstone. The Paradoxides-bearing 

 or Lower division of the Primordial zone has no recognizable re- 

 presentative in Russia ; but the Thonschiefer mit Dictyonema of 

 Schmidt is most distinctly the same zone as the Dictyonema shale or 

 Upper Olenus beds of Sweden. The Ceratopyge Limestone and 

 Lower Graptolite Schists of Scandinavia are apparently wanting in 

 the Baltic Pi-ovinces, but the great Pleta or Vaginaten Limestone 

 stands unquestionably in the place of the Swedish Orthoceras Lime- 

 stone. Schmidt's Brandschiefer Linnarsson paralleled doubtfully 

 with his own Chasmops Limestone and Middle Graptolite Schist, and 

 the Bornholmsche Schist with the Swedish Leptena Limestone. 



In the summer of 1873 Linnarsson mapped the Lower Palceozoic 

 region of Nerike in Central Sweden, where he recognized a well- 

 marked succession of Annelide-bearing sandstones lying unconform- 



