172 Trqf. C. Lapivorth — Life and Works of Linnarsson. 



this Magazine (Vol. VII. 1880, pp. 29 and 68). It is a paper of 

 which it is impossible to speak too highly. It marks a new departure 

 in the history of Swedish geology, — the extension of the method 

 of "zones " to the investigation of the sequence among the litholo- 

 gically similar masses of Graptolitic Shales, — a method which is at 

 present being extended with minute elaboration and most remai'kable 

 results to the development of the succession among the entire series 

 of Graptolitic Shales in Sweden, by Dr. Tullberg in Scania, and by 

 Dr. Sven. Tornquist in the more complicated region of Dalarne. 



Additional Graptolite- bearing strata, of Cambrian age, were 

 detected by Linnarsson in 1870, in the district of Westrogothia, 

 in the upper part of the Swedish representative of the British 

 Tremadoc formation ; and corresponding beds with Dictyonema in the 

 same region in 1880. His last published paper (1880) contains an 

 account of his discovery of typical Gala Beds (beds with Mono- 

 gj-aptns hirriculatus, Barr.), in the neighbourhood of Motala, Central 

 Sweden. 



Hitherto we have confined our remarks to the geological labours 

 of Linnarsson, as it is upon these that his well-earned fame 

 will mainly rest in the future. His strictly palceontological works, 

 however, demand a special notice in this place ; for in interest and 

 importance they are nowise inferior to his geological studies; while in 

 clearness of description, and in the evidences they afford of keenness 

 of palseontological insight, and conscientious accuracy of description, 

 they are worthy to be compared with the best efforts of Angelin 

 himself. 



Linnarsson's earlier palaeontological labours were confined almost 

 wholly to the Trilohita. In this department of the science he 

 enjoyed exceptional advantages in being able to study the magnifi- 

 cent type collection of Angelin. His first ambitious attempt in this 

 direction — the supplement to his own " Vestrogotlands Cambriska och 

 Siluriska Aflagringar," is perhaps his masterpiece, and is demon- 

 strative of the profundity and accuracy of his knowledge of the 

 group. Let the reader compare the minute descriptions of the new 

 or little known forms in this work, and their careful allocation to 

 their definite horizons in the vertical series, with the curt descriptions 

 and rough localization of the older species as given in Angelin's 

 " Palasontologica Scandinavica," and the contrast between the broad 

 half-careless glance of the master, and the searching and microscopic- 

 ally accurate gaze of his great pupil is at once apparent. Linnarsson's 

 knowledge of the Trilobita was the thorough knowledge of a 

 specialist, descending to minutiae far beyond the reach of the general 

 palseontologist. 



The several papers published by Linnarsson upon the Trilobita of 

 Sweden are, as will be seen from the list appended to the present 

 memoir, some seven or eight in number. Three of these are of 

 especial interest. In 1871 he described a new form of Paradoxides 

 (P. Kjenilfi) from the " Primordial Zone " of Sweden and Norway. 

 "I'his form, which belongs to the same type as the Olenellus of 

 Billings, is to-day remarkable as being the oldest Trilobite form yet 



