fhe Country around Norwich. 325 



this old geologist has been confided the task of preparing the pre- 

 sent Geological Survey Memoir, which I think will be found not 

 unworthy of its author and his name." 



A higher commendation of the author by the head of his depart- 

 ment could hardly have been given, and it is vei-y satisfactory to 

 feel that it is a well-earned testimony to Mr. Horace B. Woodward's 

 ability as a field-geologist and an author, not only of several Survey 

 Memoirs and Maps, but also of a most valuable text-book on the 

 Geology of England and Wales, giving a concise account of the 

 lithological characters, leading fossils and economic products of the 

 rocks, with notes on the physical features of the country ; a text- 

 book which should be in the hands of every geological student. 



Previous to the publication of S. Woodward's " Outline of the 

 Geology of Norfolk" (1833), but little had been attempted in 

 exploring the geology of this north-eastern portion of East Anglia ; 

 indeed but few geological works of any kind then existed. Mantell's 

 Geology of the South-East of England ; Phillips's Geology of York- 

 shire ; Dixon's Geology of Sussex, and other similar works, testify 

 to the utility of this district or county form of geological publication. 



The Memoir before us is restricted to the exact area of the two 

 Quarter-sheets (66 N.E. and 66 S.E.) of the Geological Survey Map; 

 or about 412 square miles ; whereas the whole county of Norfolk 

 embraces an area of 2119 square miles, so that these sheets cover 

 rather less than one-fifth of the entire county. The area described 

 extends from Bungay and Beccles on the south to Buxton and 

 Tunstead on the North of Norwich ; and from Reedham and Potter 

 Heigham on the East to Bawburgh, Hethersett, and Wrenningham 

 on the West of Norwich. 



It is greatly to be desired that, hereafter, the description of the 

 other portions of the county should be brought together in a single 

 volume or into two volumes, one for East, and the other for West 

 Norfolk ; and we feel assured that such a division of the area would 

 be far more acceptable to the local geologists and landed proprietors 

 who desire to consult the pages of these memoirs as to their native 

 county. 



We hope that one day it may fall to the lot of Mr. Horace B. 

 Woodward to bring out the joint memoirs of himself and colleagues 

 on the geology of the entire county, as his grandfather did in 1833. 



With the exception of the coast sections and a pit at Burgh near 

 Aylsham, all the fossiliferous Norwich Crag sections in Norfolk are 

 described. 



Those who object to the multiplicity of local names will be glad 

 to find that under the comprehensive name of " Norwich Crag 

 Series " are grouped the Mammaliferous Stone-bed, the Fluvio-marine 

 Crag, the Chillesford Shell-bed, the Chillesford Clay, and the Bure 

 Valley beds. With regard to the Crag Mammals, it is stated that 

 " the evidence shows that the bones may belong to the period as 

 much as the shells, which occur abundantly in the Stone-bed and in 

 crevices of the Chalk." 



Among the theoretical questions briefly discussed are the origin of 



