Heports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 327 



■with the lithographs published fifty years ago in Samuel Woodward's 

 Outline of the Geology of Norfolk, when lithographic art was then 

 in its infancy. Surely Her Majesty's Stationery Office should have 

 their attention drawn by the Director-General to such execrable 

 lithographic printing, discreditable to any London fi.rm. The litho- 

 grapher discreetly veils his name. 



III. — Symmetry on the Terrestrial Sphere. La Symetrie sur le 

 Globe Terrestre. Par A. De Lapparent, Professor a L'lnstitut 

 Catholique de Paris. Extrait de la Kevue des Questions Scienti- 

 fiques, Janvier, 1882. 



THIS article places before French readers an adaptation by Mr. 

 Lowthian Green of M. Elie de Beaumont's Polyhedron Theory 

 of the Earth's Surface. He is of opinion that the cooling earth 

 shrank into a form based on that of a Tetrahedron. To three of the 

 projecting angles are due the elevation of Europe, Asia, and North 

 America; the fourth is at the Antarctic Pole. The form is to be more 

 strictly that arising by development of pyramids on the original 

 four faces : thus are explained S. America, Africa, Australia, and 

 Greenland. The shrinking in the southern hemisphere produced a 

 tendency to increased rotation, to which is attributed a more easterly 

 position of these three southern land masses. While these were 

 being so shifted, the depressions of the Mediterranean and the Gulf 

 of Mexico took place, under the action of tides in the molten interior 

 determined in some peculiar way by the position of the Ecliptic. 

 The obliquity of the Ecliptic is itself accounted for by the attraction 

 of the sun on the projecting points of the tetrahedron. 



M. De Lapparent's views on the rotation of tops do not agree with 

 phenomena observed in the streets. What does he mean by saying 

 that conjunctions of the sun and moon are most frequent at the 

 solstices ? 



The reader must not take for granted any statements involving 

 either Dynamics or Astronomy. It is possible that " the authors of 

 recent manuals " have neglected the original treatise for other 

 reasons than that assigned by M. De Lapparent. E. H. 



liEiPOi^TS ^^isTiD i^iaooEE:nDiisrc3-s. 



Geological Society of London. 



L— May 10, 1882. — J. W. Hulke, Esq., F.R.S., President, in 

 the Chair. — The following communications were read : — 



1. " On the Relations of Hyhocrinus, Baerocriims, and Hybocystites." 

 By P. Herbert Carpenter, Esq., M.A. Communicated by Prof. P. 

 Martin Duncan, M.B., F.R.S., V.P.G.S. 



The author discussed the relations of Apiocrinus dipentas, Leucht., 

 and of Baerocrinus Ungerni, Volborth, both from the Lower Silurian 

 of Russia, to Hyhocrinus, Billings, of the American Trenton limestone. 



Ap. dipentas was regarded as a true Hyhocrinus, as it was by 

 Volborth and Schmidt ; but the author followed Volborth and Gre- 



