290 Prof. Nicholson and R. Etheridge, jun. — 



corallum. This species was afterwards figured in the British Palaeo- 

 zoic Fossils (1851, fasc. i. p. 85, t. 3 B. f. 10), and two of the former 

 species were redescribed, C. bacillarius and C. crassus. In the 

 generic diagnosis preceding the descriptions of these species, M'Coy 

 states that the " cup-shaped terminal chambers are marked within by- 

 more than twelve longitudinal striae." With regard to C. crassus we 

 are told that "the mode of attachment of the young is most usually 

 by the early branches growing in a circle round a crinoidal stem." 

 So far as we are aware, Prof. John Morris, F.G.S., was the first 

 palaeontologist to unite the genera Cladochonus, M'Coy, and Pyrgia, 

 Ed. and H., in 1854, in the second edition of his excellent Catalogue 

 (p. 49). 



In 1866 Herr Ludwig proposed the genus Liodendrocyaihus 

 (Palaeontographica, vol. xiv. p. 213) for the reception of the well- 

 known coral Syringopora serpens and a new species L. tubceformis ; 

 the latter is considered by Prof, de Koninck to be a Cladochonus 

 (Nouvelles Eecherches, 1872, p. 152), a supposition in which he is 

 in all probability correct. We unite our protest with that of Prof, 

 de Koninck against the unnecessary introduction of genera by Herr 

 Ludwig for various Palaeozoic corals, the generic affinities of which 

 are quite well known. One of the most important discoveries yet 

 made in the structure of Cladochonus was that by our friend Dr. H. 

 Woodward, F.R.S., who, in 1869, drew the attention of the late 

 Mr. John Kofe. F.G.S., to the microscopic structure of the calices 

 (Geol. Mag. 1869, Vol. VI. pp. 352-53, Fig. 4 and 4a), which 

 appear to have their walls minutely reticulate, not tabulate as Mr. 

 Kofe supposed. The latter also entered at length into the peculiar 

 habit, possessed by at least one species of Cladochonus, of attaching 

 itself to the surface of Crinoidal stems, a fact first pointed out by 

 Prof. M'Coy, but which was much more attentively studied by Mr. 

 Eofe. We shall return to these points further on. 



In 1872 Prof. L. G. de Koninck published a fresh description of 

 C. Michelini, Ed. and H., and brought together a large mass of 

 information concerning the genus generally. He defines the 

 corallum as multiplying by lateral gemmation, furnished with a 

 pedicle of attachment, very deep circular calices with feeble septa, 

 and no tabulae (Nouv. Recherches, 1872, p. 150). 



The foregoing is, so far as we are acquainted with Cladochonus, a 

 tolerably full outline of its history. 



The following are the described species : — 

 Cladochonus bacillarius, M'Coy. 



,, crassus ,, 



„ brevicollis „ 



„ Michelini, Ed. and H. {Pyrgia). 



? „ Labechei „ „ x 



„ tubceformis, Ludwig. 



,, Mans, Eichwald. 2 



,, tenuicollis, M'Coy 



1 We think it exceedingly probable that Prof. Morris and de Koninck are correct 

 in referring this genus to Cladochonus with doubt (Cat. Brit. Foss., 2nd ed. p. 49, 

 and Nouv. Eech., 1872, p. 152), and we also agree with the latter in omitting Jania 

 antiqua, M'Coy, from the genus. 2 Lethsea Eossica, t. 28, f. 11. 



