306 E. T. Newton — On Emys lutaria from the Norfolk Coast. 



It may be interesting to note that Lyell (Antiquity of Man, 4th 

 edit., p. 268) records the following remains from the black peaty 

 deposit of Mundesley : — " Shells of Anodon, Valvata, Cyclas, Succinea, 

 Limnea, Paludina, etc., seeds of Ceratophyllum demersum, Nuphar 

 lutea, scales and bones of pike, perch, salmon, etc., elytra of Donacia, 

 Copris, Harpalus, and other beetles." He also includes Paludina 

 (Hydrobia) marginata, but this has very recently been identified by 

 Mr. H. Norton with the Bythinella gibba figured by Moquin-Tandon. 1 

 I may also add that a detailed account of the Mundesley bed, with 

 some additions to its list of organic remains, will be given in the 

 Geol. Survey Memoir on the Cromer District, by Mr. Clement Eeid. 



The following notice of opinions on the subject of the age of the 

 bed has been kindly furnished to me by my friend and colleague Mr. 

 H. B. Woodward : — 



Age of the Mundesley Biver-bed. 



[The Mundesley Eiver-bed occupies a hollow eroded in the Lower 

 Glacial Beds (Cromer Till or Lower Boulder-clay, and Contorted 

 Drift). At one time it was held both by Lyell and Joshua Trimmer 

 to be intercalated in this Drift ; 2 but Mr. Gunn and Prof. Prestwich 

 subsequently showed that the Freshwater deposit really overlaid the 

 Lower Boulder-clay, a view in which Lyell himself coincided. 3 By 

 them it has since been spoken of as a Post-Glacial deposit. It is, 

 moreover, interesting to note that Mr. Prestwich pointed out some 

 resemblances between the Mundesley bed "and that at Hoxne, which 

 is so well known as the locality for many palaeolithic implements ; 

 and he went so far as to suggest a search in the Mundesley bed for 

 these flint weapons. The Post-Glacial age of the Hoxne bed has, 

 however, been recently called in question by more than one authority ;* 

 while the stratigraphical evidence at Mundesley merely shows that 

 the river-bed is newer than the Lower Glacial Beds. There is 

 nothing to prove it might not be older than the Chalky Boulder-clay; 

 or, in other words, to determine whether it be Inter-Glacial or Post- 

 Glacial. The occurrence, therefore, of the remains of the Emys lutaria, 

 taken in conjunction with the position of the remains of this species 

 elsewhere, tend to prove that the Mundesley Kiver-bed is Post- 

 Glacial.— H. B. W.] 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII. 5 



Pkj, i. — Emys lutaria, left side of carapace, seen from above. 

 „ 2. „ „ ditto with plastron, side view. 



■ 3. ,, „ portion of leftside of plastron, seen from below. Hyo. Hyo- 



plastron ; Hypo. Hypoplastron ; Xip. Xiphiplastron. 



1 Trans. Norfolk and Norwich Nat. Soc, vol. ii. p. 357. 



2 Lyell, Phil. Mag. 1840, vol. xvi. p. 353 ; Trimmer, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 

 toI. vii. p. 20. 



3 Prestwich, Geologist, vol. iv. p. 68 ; Lyell, Antiquity of Man, 4th ed. p. 267. 



4 J. Geikie, Great Ice Age, 2nd edition, p. 525 ; Belt, Quart. Journ. Science, 

 July, 1876. 



5 The appearance of this Plate is unavoidably delayed till the August Number. — 

 Edit. Geol. Mag. 



