Prof. John Milne — A Cruise among the Kurile Islands. 341 



altogether a mass of mountains. The S.E. point, however, is said to 

 be long and low. On the N. and N.E. shore facing the Little 

 Kurile Straits, here and there, there are a few low cliffs ; but for the 

 most part the land slopes upwards from the sea to the summit of a 

 line of irregularly -peaked mountains. 



An irregular mountain, forming the northern end of this group, 

 is giving off steam. It is covered with reddish scarps and patches 

 of snow. As this mountain, which is remarkable as being one of 

 the flickering embers of those internal fiery forces which raised the 

 Kuriles, appears to be without name, either on the charts or amongst 

 the inhabitants, I have ventured to name it Mount Ebeko. Three 

 other high mountains may be picked out of the irregular collection 

 which is presented at the northern end of Paramushir. These are 

 chiefly noticeable for their conical truncated forms and curvatures. 

 From near the entrance to the Straits they respectively bear S.S.W., 

 S.W. by W., and W. by S.W. The N.W. side of Paramushir shows 

 a mass of irregular mountains. With the exception of a few red and 

 yellow patches or scarps, apparently marking the effects of fire, 

 everything looks black. 



Eising above these there are four remarkable mountains, which can 

 be distinctly seen. Commencing from the north there is Mount 

 Ebeko, which on this side presents the same irregular surface as it 

 does when viewed from the Kurile Straits. It is easily to be 

 recognized by the steam issuing from its summit. 

 Farther from the south we have : 



No. 1. A sharp peak 50° 25' N. Latitude. 



No. 2. A well-defined cone ... 50° 20' 



No. 3. Fuss peak 50° 15' 



No. 1. From the views which I had of this mountain, it showed 

 nothing more than a sharp peak which rose above the neighbouring 

 mountains. 



No. 2 and No. 3. These two mountains are from their regular 

 form to be ranked with Alaid, as being among some of the more 

 remarkable peaks which build up the Kuriles. They appear to be 

 the highest mountains in the island, and at the same time the most 

 beautiful in shape. Approaching them in a south-westerly direction, 

 they look like two slightly truncated cones. 



No. 2, which from all points of view appears to be the highest, 

 on its N.E. side looks as if it were joined on to some rugged 

 hills, but from other points of view this appearance is seen to be 

 ilhisory, and the mountain to be almost isolated. On the side which 

 faced us it showed a brownish red patch ; with this exception, all the 

 rest of its surface was black. On the N.E. side its inclination near 

 the summit was 30°. On the opposite side it was 22°. On this side 

 it sweeps down towards the plain with a decreasing inclination. 

 Before it becomes quite horizontal it rises to form the slope of No. 3 

 (Mount Fuss). The curving profiles of these two mountains have 

 the appearance of a cycloid, but although I had not the means of 

 determining their form, I conclude that, like all other volcanic slopes 

 which I have measured, they must be approximately logarithmic. 



