342 Prof. John Milne — A Cruise among the Kurile Islands. 



Whilst here I compared the slopes of these two mountains by 

 bringing their profiles into contact by means of a sextant held 

 horizontally, and so far as I was enabled to judge by the eye, they 

 were in all respects similar. The two sides of Mount Fuss appear 

 to be balanced in form, each side having a slope of 28°. As we came 

 closer, the profiles of these mountains, which had appeared to be 

 perfectly regular, now showed a slightly ragged outline, no doubt 

 due to the same cause which produced the furrows which could now 

 be seen scoring their sides. Looking south, across the curve which 

 joined these mountains, in among the mountains behind No. 2, a wall 

 of rock was visible not unlike that of some ruined crater. From this 

 point of view, the crater of Mount Fuss, which was slightly breached, 

 was seen to be filled with snow. 



As we sailed southwards, and looked back towards the N.N.E., 

 No. 2 was seen first to the left of Mount Fuss, then towering above 

 it, next immediately behind it, and finally to the right. From this 

 point of view Fuss was seen to be very much truncated, and to have 

 a very ragged and ruined crater-lip. Its sides, which were green, 

 were suddenly terminated by reddish scarp-like cliffs, looking as if 

 from time to time large masses from the face of the mountain had 

 slipped seawards. 



In addition to the mountains which I have mentioned, in the 

 Admiralty Chart thi'ee large peaks are indicated on the S.E. coast. 



On the whole, in Paramushir, if we except the isolated peaks, 

 the mountains in the N.E. half are higher than those in the S. W. 

 Apparently it is for this reason that there is so much more snow on 

 the mountains at the northern end of the island than upon those in 

 the southern half. 



Shirinki Island. — This is a small island which has apparently a 

 flat top, lying about nine miles from the S. W. point of Paramushir. 



Malcanrushi Island. — This island lies about 15 miles N.N.W. 

 from Onekotan. When looked at from the east, it shows itself as a 

 fine cone. On the N.W. side it has a clip of about 30°, and on the 

 opposite side 28°. On the top three small points can be seen. 



Onekotan Island. — This island, which is about 24 miles long, and 

 from 5 to 10 in breadth, lies about 20 miles S.W. from Paramushir. 

 On the south it is separated from Kharim Kotan by the Shistoi 

 Strait, which is about eight miles broad. On the Chart it is shown 

 as having six principal peaks, two of which are said to be dome- 

 shaped. Looked at from near the north end, in a S.S.E. direction, 

 three larger mountains can be distinctly seen, raising themselves 

 above the rest. 



No. 1, on the left, has a rounded top. At the base of this on the 

 right there is a small volcanic cone. 



No. 2, which is apparently the highest, terminates in a point. 



No. 3 is a well-formed truncated cone. (Further to the right in 

 a S.S.W. direction the truncated cone on Kharim Kotan and Makan- 

 rushi can be seen.) 



One of these mountains had slopes of 30° and 29°. 



Onekotan, as seen from a distance of about 13 miles, exhibits on 



