Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 375 



Eaised Beaches, and Submerged Forests. The Lias and Ehastic beds 

 are dismissed with very little notice, although so well known at 

 Axmouth and Axminster. The economic applications of the Igneous 

 and Metamorphic rocks, as well as those of the stratified rocks, 

 are pointed out ; and a general account of the literature of Devon- 

 shire geology is given. In reference to this we may remind the 

 author that it was J. J. Conybeare (not his more distinguished 

 brother the Eev. W. D. Conybeare) who wrote on the geology of 

 Okehampton and Clovelly. H. B. W. 



EEPOETS J^ISTID PEOCEEDIUG-S. 



Geological Society of London-. — I. — June 11, 1879. — Prof. Joseph 

 Prestwich, M.A., F.R.S., Vice-President, in the Chair. — The following 

 communications were read : — 



1. "On a Mammaliferous Deposit at Barrington, near Cambridge." 

 By the Rev. 0. Fisher, M.A., F.G.S. 



The gravel in which these remains were found is about 20 feet 

 above the alluvial flat by the River Bhee, and is evidently Post-glacial. 

 The gravel contains some of the ordinary land and freshwater shells, 

 but not Cyrena or TJnio. Remains of the following Mammalia have 

 been found: — Ursus spelceus, Meles taxus, Hycena spelcea, Felis spelcea, 

 Cervus megaceros, C. elaphus, and another, Bos primigenius, Bison priscus, 

 Hippopotamus major, Rhinoceros leptorhinus, Elephas antiquus and pri- 

 migenius, with a worked flint, almost certainly from the same deposit. 

 The author considers the abundance and admixture of these remains 

 due to the locality having been a sort of eddy or pool in the old river. 

 The remains are described, and the rest of the paper is occupied with a 

 correlation of the gravel with others in the adjoining district, and a 

 consideration of the physical conditions under which it was deposited. 



2. " Further Discoveries in the Cresswell Caves." By Prof. Boyd 

 Dawkins, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., and the Rev. J. M. Mello, M.A., 

 F.G.S. , with Notes on the Mammalia by the former. 



This paper contained the account of digging-operations carried on 

 in one of the smaller caves of the Cresswell Crags, known as Mother 

 Grundy's Parlour. The authors described the occurrence in the red 

 clay and ferruginous sand of this cave of bones of Hippopotamus and 

 the Leptorhine Rhinoceros, proving the existence of these animals in 

 the wooded valleys of the basin of the Upper Trent at the time of the 

 accumulation of these deposits ; while at the same time, so far as the 

 evidence goes, there was an absence of Palaeolithic man, of the Reindeer, 

 and of Horses, while Hyaenas were abundant. In a subsequent period, 

 represented in all the caves by the Red Sand, the Mammoth, Woolly 

 Rhinoceros, Horse and Reindeer inhabited the vicinity, and were sub- 

 ject to the attacks both of Hyaenas and human hunters, whose quartzite 

 implements prove them to belong to the same people whose traces are 

 found in the river-deposits. In the breccia and upper cave-earth of 

 the larger caves the existence of the Palaeolithic hunter is evidenced 

 by flint implements, resembling those of Solutre, accompanied by im- 

 plements of bone and antler. Associated with these was the incised 



