4 Ancient Stone Implements of Great Britain. 



think some points in Heer's description (of which Mr. Edwards 

 takes no notice) are very important, as evidencing its near relation- 

 ship to J. Hedonia rather than to A. Diana. He says : — " Along 

 the margin we observe a row of six circular light spots, one of 

 which always lies between two nerves {Ldngsadern), and fills the 

 whole space between these nerves. This light spot does not reach 

 up to the wing-margin, which is again of darker greyish-brown 

 colour ; situated in the centre of each patch is a black circular dot. 

 Whether this had once a white eye-spot or not cannot be ascertained 

 with certainty ; but it is very probable, as in two at least of these 

 black dots a small, light brown spot is observable in the centre of 

 each. These light eye-spots seem not to be encircled by a black ring." 



The ocelli are well shown in Heer's figure, but in the woodcuts 

 by Lyell and Edwards, which have in other respects been made 

 much darker than the original, the indication of the lower edge of 

 the ocelli has been omitted altogether, and, consequently, the resem- 

 blance to the species of Junonia is rendered less evident. I think it 

 just possible, from the great resemblance which V. attavina of Heer 

 bears to the undersurface of J. Medonia, that it is the reverse of 

 J. Pluto. 



In concluding my observations on these three butterflies, I would 

 express my thanks to Mr. Charlesworth for the use which he has 

 permitted me to make of his highly interesting fossil, and for the 

 opportunity which he has thus given me of illustrating my previous 

 remarks on the two species described by Boisduval and Heer. 



III. — The Ancient Stone Implements of Great Britain.* 

 (PLATES II. AND III.) 



FIFTEEN years ago scarcely any attention had been paid to the 

 subject of the earliest evidences of human antiquity in Western 

 Europe. 



Many explorers had, it is true, commenced their solitary researches 

 long before in widely different localities, but scientific men had as 

 yet failed to perceive their importance. 



Gradually the researches of the geologist and the palasontologist 

 have led to the conclusion that there exists a direct connexion, by 

 descent, between the fauna and flora of our earth, as we see them 

 to-day, and those which peopled and clothed it in Tertiary times, 

 and, as regards the physical conditions of our planet, that it had 

 been influenced by causes similar in character, though varying in 

 their intensity, to those which at present operate upon its surface. 



But by long-accepted tradition, Man has been considered as belong- 

 ing to an entirely separate order of things, having no connexion 

 either with the life of the remote past or with the series of existences 

 around him. 



1 The Ancient Stone Implements, "Weapons, and Ornaments of Great Britain. By 

 John Evans, F.R.S., F.S.A., Sec. Geol. Soc, etc , etc. Royal 8vo., pp. 640 (profusely 

 illustrated with woodcuts and plates). London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1872. 



