Notices of Ifemoirs — M. Keberfs Zones in the Chalk. 361 



Tsanwah, are allowed to purchase. The oil from these wells is 

 obtained in a more liqind state and more resembles naphtha. It is 

 of a brackish nature, and is better suited for lighting purposes than 

 the Yeynangyoung oil. The total supply of earth-oil in Upper 

 Burmah now per annum is 66,000,000 viss or 10,312^ tons. 



I have omitted to mention marble and limestone, but both abound. 



Upper Burmah, with its metals and minerals, its forests, natural 

 resources, productiveness of soil, and from its geographical position, 

 situated as it is close to the teeming population of the Chinese 

 empire, ought to be the richest country in Asia, and Eangoon one of 

 the largest emporiums of trade. The productiveness of the soil, as 

 regards cereals and other crops, is wonderful. • The indigo plant, 

 which is prolific in its growth, gives three crops per annum, and the 

 dye would quite equal that of Bengal with careful and proper treat- 

 ment in its manufacture. Paddy, wheat, cotton, cutch, grain, sesa- 

 mum, sugar-cane, tobacco, tea, coffee, each has its own soil in 

 abundance. Teak and other useful trees abound. 



II. — M. Hebeut's Zones in the Chalk. 



THE general similarity of mineral character of the Chalk forma- 

 tion in England, and the habit of not carefully recognizing the 

 different horizons from which fossils have been obtained, have to some 

 extent militated against the further subdivision of the Chalk than 

 that usually adopted in this country, viz. Upper White Chalk with 

 flints, Lower Chalk without flints, and Chalk Marl. Lately some at- 

 tention has been drawn to this subject, in papers read before the 

 Geologists' Association by Mr. Caleb Evans 1870, Mr. Bedwell 1873, 

 and Mr. Dowker 1869 ; also by Mr. Whitaker. 



In France, however, for many years past, M. Hebert has specially 

 studied the Chalk of the Paris basin, and communicated the results 

 in sundry papers to the Greological Society of France, and which are 

 published in the Bulletin for 1862, 1863, 1866, 1872, etc.i M. Hebert 

 considers that the divisions are so clear that it is even possible to 

 assign precisely where one ends, and the other begins; not only from 

 the change of the fauna, but also from the general petrographic 

 character. Besides, the superior surface of one division is always 

 indurated and perforated to a greater or less extent, as is especially 

 well shown at Meudon, where the White Chalk is seen in contact 

 with the Superior Chalk or Pisolitic Limestone. From his re- 

 searches M. Hebert has established the following subdivisions in 

 ascending order : — 1, La Craie glauconieuse ; 2, La Craie marneuse a 

 Inoceramus labiatus ; 3, La Craie dur a Holaster planus ; 4, La 

 Craie a Micraster cortestudinarium ; 5, La Craie a Micraster cor- 

 anguinum; 6, La Craie k Belemnitella quadrata et B. mucronata ; 

 7, La Craie superieure (calcaire pisolitique) . In general the 



■• M. Hebert communicated his views also to the British Association, Brighton, 

 1872, on the divisions of the Chalk of France, and paralleled them with those of the 

 English Chalk, as seen from Folkestone, to St. Margaret-on-Cliff, Dover (see Reports, 

 p. 104). See also M. Hebcrt's Classification in Geol. Mag. 1869, Vol. VI. p. 200. 

 Also MM. Cornet and Briart, on Belgian Chalk, Geol. Mag. 1872, Vol. IX. p. 469. 

 —J. M. 



