THE 



GEOLO&ICAL MAGA.ZINE. 



No. CXII.— OCTOBER, 1873. 



I. — Description of Cauinella, a New Gekus of Cabbonifbeotjs 



POLYZOA. 



By R. Etheridge, Jun., F.G.S. 



(PLATE XV.) 



AMONGST a small collection of fossils lately forwarded to the 

 writer for identification, by Dr. Eankin, of Carluke, from the Car- 

 boniferous beds of that neighbourhood, are some remains of Polyzoa, 

 peculiar from the combination of characters presented by them, such 

 as have hitherto been considered characteristic of separate genera. 

 In Fenestella, Miller, as restricted by King,^ each interstice or stem , 

 of the frond is provided on one side only with two or more rows of 

 cell-apertures, separated by a median keel. In Polypora,'^ McCoy, 

 on the contrary, the interstices or dissepiments are not carinated, and 

 the former are always provided with numerous rows of cell-apertures, 

 generally arranged more or less in quincunx, the dissepiments as in 

 Fenestella, being non-celluliferous. In the sjoecimens under con- 

 sideration a combination of some of the above characters takes place, 

 forming a connecting link between the two genera Fenestella and 

 Polypora. An examination of the accompanying drawings will at 

 once show that the fossils there represented cannot be referred to 

 either of the above, but they certainly appear to be the type of a 

 new genus, which it is proposed to call Garinella. Only one 

 species is at present known, which might with advantage be termed 

 C cellulifera. 



Garinella cellulifera, gen. et sp. nov. — Polyzoarium composed of 

 angular irregularly disposed anastomosing branches, strongly cari- 

 nated on both the obverse and reverse faces, but celluliferous only on 

 the former, apparently arising from a common root. No regular dis- 

 tinction into interstices and dissepiments, but the branches bifmcate 

 and re-unite to form hexagonal, pentagonal, and polygonal inter- 

 spaces or fenestrules, often of most irregular form. On each side 

 the keel on the celluliferous or obverse face are three, sometimes 

 four alternating rows of cell-apertures. The prominent keel follows 

 each bifurcation of the angular ramifications, which are all cellu- 

 liferous, no separation into interstices and dissepiments being ap- 

 parent. The cell-apertures have prominent margins. The reverse 

 is longitudinally striate, and the keel does not appear to be quite as 

 strong as on the obverse face. 



Cariiiella agrees with Polypora in constantly having more than 



1 Permian Fossils, p. 35. 2 Synopsis, Garb. Foss., Ireland, p. 206. 



VOL. X, — NO. cm. 28 



