550 Henry Woodward — Address to the Geologists' Association. 



What we have cited as regards the carnivorous Megalosaurus is 

 true also of the vegetable -feeding lizards of the Mesozoic rocks 

 (the Iguanodon, Scelidosaurus, etc.). 



The sacrum is composed of from four to six vertebree. The pelvic 

 bones are bird-like in form and disposition ; there is a strong crest 

 which passes between the head of the fibula and the tibia, as in 

 birds. The tibia has a great anterior or "procnemial" crest, not 

 seen in other reptiles, but existing in most birds., especially the 

 running and swimming birds. The toes are reduced in number; 

 Scelidosaurus has four toes and a rudiment of a fifth. Iguanodon has 

 three, with a rudimentary indication of a fourth. 



There is evidence in "the manner in which the three principal 

 metatarsals articulate together, that they were very intimately and 

 firmly united, and that a suflScient base for the support of the body 

 was thus afforded by the spreading out of the phalangeal regions of 

 the toes." Mantell long since, and more recently Cope and Leidy, 

 have concluded from the great difference in the size between the 

 fore- and hind-limbs, that Iguanodon, Lcelaps, and Hadrosaurus, as 

 well as other Dinosauria, may have supported themselves for a time 

 at least upon their hind-legs. But Mr. Beckles' discovery of pairs 

 of large three-toed foot-prints, of such a size and at such a distance 

 apart that it is difficult to believe they have been made by anything 

 but Iguanodon, leads to the supposition that this vast reptile, and 

 perhaps others of its family, must have walked temporarily or 

 permanently upon its hind-legs. (Huxley, in Gkol. Mag. 1868, 

 p. 364.) 



Many years since Mr. Allan Cunningham, who accompanied the 

 Expedition to Survey the Intertropical and Western Coasts of Aus- 

 tralia, from 1818 to 1822, under Captain Philip King, E.N., F.R.S., 

 secured a specimen of a remarkable Frilled Lizard, which had perched 

 itself upon the stem of a small decayed tree, at Careening Bay, Port 

 Nelson,^ which has been named Chlamydosaurus Kingii, by Dr. G-ray. 

 The specimen is preserved in the British Museum collection in a 

 semi-erect position, its fore-feet (which are very much smaller than the 

 hind-feet) scarcely touching the ground at the extremities of the 

 claws. The lizard in question habitually runs upon the ground on its 

 hind-legs, its fore-paws not touching the earth. As geologists, we 

 cannot but be interested in this peculiarly modified existing lacer- 

 tilian, occurring as it does on the continent of Australia, which 

 has already yielded such a remarkable assemblage of Tertiary and 

 existing Marsupialia — a land also remarkable for the possession of 

 many living Mesozoic types of Mollusca on its coasts. 



Viewed by the additional light which our present knowledge of the 

 structure of the Mesozoic Dinosauria andof the existing Chlamydosaurus 

 aifords, we need no longer be doubtful as to the origin of the many 

 bipedal tracks which occur in the Trias and other Secondary strata. 



Some are very probably the " spoor " of Struthious birds which 

 may have existed fully as far back as the beginning of the Secondary 



^ See King's Survey of Australia, 8to., 1827, vol. ii.. Appendix, p. 424. 



