1 



5 ^ 



CHINA, MONGOLIA, AND JAPAN. H 



northern edge, a bed of porphyry conglomerate, of great thickness, intervenes 

 between the limestone and the coal rocks, while the western portion of the basin 

 is much broken up by porphyries, and the centre is crossed by a high ridge appa- 

 rently of quartzose conglomerate and sandstones. 



Coal seams, varying in thickness and quality, occur in many parts of these 

 basins, and are worked in the more accessible localities, as, for instance, at Muntakau, 

 Maanshan, the hill of Piyiinsz, Lingchi on the Wangping creek and at Chaitang 

 in the west. 



In the following necessarily incomplete table, I have attempted to show the struc- 

 ture of those parts of these basins that came under my observation : — 



Coal or antliracite alternating with beds of argillaceous shales, sandstones, ) Hsingshun 

 gray quartzose conglomerate-breccias and compact red and green V and 

 argillites. * Tatsau 



Alternating beds of coal, argillaceous shales, and sandstones. 



Coal (Futau seam). 



Black under-clay. 



Micaceous quartzose sandstone. 



Quartzose conglomerate. 



Yellow argillaceous shalerwith impressions of plants. 



Outcroppings concealed for several hundred feet by terrace loam. 



Compact green argillite. 



Coarse gray sandstone and conglomerate. 



Compact argillite, mottled green and red. 



Coarse gray sandstone. 



Friable and argillaceous gray sandstone. 



Red calcareous clay slate. 



Greenish sandstone (with specks of chlorite). 



Red calcareous clay slate. 



Gray sandstone. 



Red calcareous clay slate 



Gray sandstone. 

 YGreen quartzose conglomerate. 



Anagenite (quartz, feldspar, and mica sandstone). 



Argillaceous shales and compact sandstones alternating with seams of an 

 thraeite. 



Ferruginous sandstone altered to quartzite. 



Quartzose conglomerate. 



Anthracite. 



Micaceous, and black argillaceous shales. 



Calcareo-argillaceous shale. 



Anthracite. ) Fangshan 



Micaceous, and black argillaceous shale. r at 



Calcareo-argillaceous shale. 1 Yiagwo mine, 



r Clay-slates (green, black and red). 1 



3 ■{ Greenish sandstone passing into greenish quartzose conglomerate.. [- Niuchauling. 



(^ Argillaceous shale. J 



( Conglomerate of porphyry, limestone and quartz. 1 Hun Ho and 



I Porphyry conglomerate. j Chaitang. 



i Upper limestone. | Upper Yangtse 



Black clay slate. >■ and Province 



Lower limestone (cherty). V of Chihli. 



Muntakau. 



Maanshan. 



