DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OP WINDS. 



723 





Spring. 



Sammei'. 



Autumn. 



Winter. 1 







*; 







^ 







^ 





^ 







■2 



"S ^ 





■S 



o;^ 





.2 



o i5 



.2 



O" 





















o a 













M " 





S^ 



« ^ 





b'-s 



.2.3 



N. 140 W. 



.21 



Buda 



N. 



280 W. 



.26 



N. 



2.30 W. 



.32.;- 



N. 



240 W. 



Hermannstadt ..... 



S. 



87 VV. 



.15 



N 



34 W. 



.30 



R. 



21 E. 



.15 



N. 57 W. 



18 



Kischinev ...... 



N. 



61 W. 



.25 



N. 



46 W. 



.49J- 



K. 



58 W. 



.25 



N. 42 AV. 



.nn 



Odessa 



S. 



37 E. 



.17* 



N 



71 W, 



.06 



N. 



65 E. 



.09 



N. 20 W. 



.08 



The motion of clouds observed at Hermannstadt gives in the summer a wind 

 N. 66° W. mean direction, with a ratio of .39, and N. 59° W. in winter, ratio .39. 

 So that the ratio is greater at both seasons than that of the lower current. At the 

 first four stations, the prevalence of N. and N. W. winds is greater in summer than 

 in winter. Besides in the summer the winds are more westerly, and more northerly 

 in winter. The resultant for each month is as follows at Kischinev : — 



January . 

 February . 

 Marcli . . 

 April . . 





^ 





.„• 





































ta 2 

















g-^ 





rt'- 



N. 



30° 



W. .30 



N. 



58 



W.'.33i 



N. 



Gl 



W.I. 29 



N. 



46 



W. 



.24 



May 

 June 

 July . 

 August 





^ 





.^■ 





































d *J 





'•*^ OT 













n-^ 





ly ^ 



N. 



76° 



W..24 



N. 



50 



W..43A 



xM. 



46 



W..60 



N. 



41 



W. 



.45 



September 

 October 

 November 

 December 



The months of March to May, October and November, have a much smaller 

 amount of N. W. winds than the others. At Odessa and Hermannstadt where the 

 prevalence of N. W. winds is generally less marked, the mean direction is not 

 between N. and W. in spring and autumn. That it should be N. W. in summer 

 in Odessa, though with a small ratio, is a proof of the strength of the N. W. current 

 in these regions. (See Plates 5, 6, 9, and 14.). Odessa is so situated that it should 

 have S. W. monsoon winds in summer, as the Black Sea lies southward, and the 

 steppes around the city are highly heated at this season. Yet this monsoon is but 

 slightly felt, while sea-winds are prevailing in the coast stations of the Crimea and 

 on the shores of the Sea of Azof 



A glance at the map (Plates 5 and 6) will show that the region now considered 

 has a great similarity of position with that of southern France. The relation to the 

 N. W. part of the Mediterranean in the last-named region, and the N. W. part 

 of* the Black Sea in this, is the same. The result, prevailing N. and N. W. winds, is 

 also similar. 



I have already defined the position of the belt of high pressure which I called 

 the great Axis of the continent, which reaches in winter from Southern Siberia to 

 Central France, through a great part of the Asiatic-European Continent, and also 

 influences to the Caspian, Black and Mediterranean Seas. (See Plate 14.) On 

 these regions the temperature is much higher, and the pressure lower, than on the 

 continents to the north. This gives prevailing easterly winds on the northern shores 

 of the Caspian and Black Seas. Now the regions we are considering are in a 



