DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 



745 



trade. This produces the N. W. and west winds, while the great expanse of sea 

 gives them additional strength. The only part of the northern hemisphere where 

 the isobars are at all as close is the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean between 

 45° and 65° N. (See Plate 14.) Westerly winds prevail there, and are strong, 

 but they cannot acquire full strength, as they have not so broad an expanse of 

 ocean to blow over. 



AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND. 



The winds of Australia and New Zealand are largely modified by the influence 

 of the continent. This is indicated by the following table : — 









June to August. 



Deceuibei- to February. 1 





w 





m 





^ 





^ 





H 





i4 





^ 





^ 









^ 



fej 



w 



m 



to 



oi 



^ 



a 



9 



4 



17 



8 



1 



8 



10 



43 



Zone 21. 



N. 39. 



Somerset, Cape York . 











25 



66 



7 



2 











" 22. 





Sween's Island . 



11 



10 



18 



34 



20 



1 



3 



g 



35 



16 



11 



6 



4 



4 



8 



17 



" 24. 



N. 54. 



Brisbane, Queensland . 



2 



13 



3 



10 



23 



28 



15 



5 



10 



41 



9 



14 



9 



6 



5 



5 



" 25. 



N. 71. 



Sydney, New South Wales . 



6 



6 



3 



5 



8 



10 



36 



27 



3 



27 



29 



12 



21 



7 



4 



4 



" 26. 



N. 84. 



Port Albert, Victoria . 



22 



9 



6 



9 



12 



14 



10 



17 



9 



3 



11 



23 



19 



15 



10 



10 



" 26. 



N. 78. 



Melbourne, " 



30 



24 



4 



4 



6 



8 



13 



10 



10 



10 



7 



15 



25 



16 



10 



6 



" 26. 



N. 77. 



S. W. Victoria . 



22 



9 



6 



9 



12 



14 



10 



17 



9 



3 



11 



23 



19 



15 



10 



10 



" 25. 



N. 69. 



Adelaide, South Australia . 



26 



37 



5 



3 



5 



8 



4 



11 



12 



10 



5 



15 



13 



26 



7 



11 



" 25. 



N. 68. 



Freemantle, West " 



3 



31 



12 



9 



8 



12 



8 



17 







10 



17 



15 



12 



34 



9 



4 



" 27. 



N. 66. 



Hobarton, Tasmania 



20 



5 



3 



7 



7 



10 



8 



40 



16 



7 







29 



8 



9 



7 



19 





N. 68. 



Kent's Group, " 



9 



11 



9 



8 



4 



15 



31 



13 



7 



14 



13 



3 



2 



20 



36 



4 



" 26. 



N. 90. 



Auckland, New Zealand 



4 



15 



10 



13 



13 



25 



9 



11 



11 



21 



4 



6 



12 



27 



10 



9 



" 27. 





Hokitika, W. Coast of S. 







































Island, New Zealand 



2 



18 



20 



24 



3 



25 



3 







6 



25 



16 



4 



1 



20 



3 



23 



" 28. 





Southland. E. coast of S. 







































Island, New Zealand 



5 



1 



17 



10 







2 



25 



39 



3 







9 



29 



1 



20 



30 



26 



The monsoon character of the winds in Australia is very marked. Somerset, on 

 the N. coast 10° L. S., has still the regular monsoons of the Sunda Islands. From 

 November to February the N. E. monsoon of India and China is drawn towards 

 the southern hemisphere as a N. W. monsoon, and brings with it clouds and rain. 

 In the other months the S. E. trade prevails very strongly, while the N. W. wind 

 is said to be generally weak. 



Further, in Queensland we have W. and S. W. from June to August (continental 

 winds) and N. E. and E. from December to February (sea winds). Thus the air is 

 drawn towards the continent in summer, when Australia is heated, and in winter, on 

 the contrary, the wind blows from the land towards the sea, as also shown by Plates 

 5 and 6. 



The colonies of Victoria and South Australia being situated on the south coast 

 of the continent, the land and sea winds have not the same direction here as on 

 the eastern coast. They have N. and N. E. winds in the cold season, and S. E., 

 S., and S. W. in the warm. West Australia has decidedly N. E. winds from June 

 to August, and S. W. from December to February. 



Tasmania is somewhat under the influence of Australia, but here the winds 

 begin already to assume the normal maritime character, especially on the small 

 islands of Kent's group, near Tasmania. 



94 July, 1875. 



