134 WINDS OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. 



the westerly directions it averages but 18 per cent., and for the six where the direc- 

 tion is easterly it averages only 10 per cent., viz.: — 



Houlton, per cent. Pougbkecpsie, llj per cent. 



Salisbury, 6 " Meadville, 5 " 



Redhook, lOJ " La Grange College, 18 " 



5. On the Atlantic Ocean, the mean direction of the wind, in the zone we are 

 considering, is more southerly, but more uniform than in the United States. Of the 

 16 resultants (see Plate VII.), all are westerly, and the entire range between them 

 is but 51° 14', viz. from N. 84° 20' W. to S. 44° 26' W. The rate of progress is 

 less than in the United States, being but 20 per cent, of the whole distance travelled 

 by the wind. 



0. Out of 142 stations lying in this zone in Europe, 117 have the mean direction 

 from some point between N. W. and S. 30° W., and most of them are comprised 

 within much narrower limits. (See Plates VII. and X.) Of the 25 exceptions, 

 13 still have the prevailing direction westerly, leaving but 12 out of 142 in which 

 it is easterly, viz., Spydburg^ in Norway, Posen in Poland, Mailand in Belgium, 

 Stuttgard and Badenbach in Germany, Strasburg, St. Hyppolyte and Montpelier 

 in France, Graetz in Austria, St. Zeno in Italy, Kasan on the Volga, in eastern 

 Russia, and Lougan in southern Russia, north of the Black Sea. Several of these 

 stations are not very far from the southern limit of westerly winds, and at some 

 others the irregularity may, perhaps, be accounted for from geographical peculiari- 

 ties. Thus, Posen is situated on the Wartha, where it runs almost due north, and 

 the mean direction of its winds coincides very nearly with that of the stream. 

 The same is true of Banff Castle (one of the twenty-five exceptions), situated on 

 the Deveron in the north of Scotland. The effect of valleys in modifying the 

 direction of the wind is strikingly exhibited at most of the stations on the Hudson 

 and Mohawk Rivers in the State of New York. (Compare Plates III. and IX.) 



7. There are but eight stations in Asia situated in the zone under consideration, 

 and at all these the mean direction is westerly. (See Plate VII.) 



8. In that part of the zone which crosses the Pacific Ocean, we have but one 

 station, viz. Iluluk, one of the Aleutian Islands, and there, too, we find the mean 

 direction westerly. (See Plate VII.) The testimony of navigators in the North 

 Pacific^ rather corroborates this result, and I have no doubt that the investigations 

 of Lieutenant Maury will do the same.* 



9. On the American continent, west of the Mississippi, thei'e appears to be more 

 diversity in the mean direction of the wind, yet here it is westerly at 16 stations 

 out of 20, from which observations have been obtained. The most peculiar feature 

 in this region is the line of southerly winds on the western borders of Arkansas 

 and Missouri. It seems to form a kind of connecting link between the winds of 

 this zone and the south-easterly ones that we find south of it, and, in some degree, 



' The locality of this station is very doubtful. 



" Mitchell'.s Article in Journal of Science and Arts, vol. xix. p. 254. 



^ I am not without hope of obtaining Lieutenant Maury's results before these sheets go to press, and if 

 so, they will be inserted on Plate VII. 



