16 



INTRODUCTION. 



of outline, indicating that the carcasses of the animals to which they belonged 

 decayed upon a soft, muddy bottom of a lake or similar body of water. 



An analysis of portions of some of the bones and teeth having been made by Dr. 

 Francis B. Greene, under the immediate inspection of Dr. F. A. Genth, at the re- 

 quest of Dr. D. D. Owen and myself, the following results were obtained : — 



Specimen 1. Fragment of an os femoris of Tiianoiherium. This was compact, 

 with a subconchoidal fracture, and tough. Its hardness was = 4.5 ; the sp. gr. = 

 2.870. Lustre resinous. Color brown ; opaque. On heating, it eliminated an 

 ammoniacal water, together with the odor of burnt horn. 



Specimen 2. Fragment of a tibia of Arcliceotherium. This was compact, and 

 presented an uneven, somewhat splintery, fracture. Its hardness was = 4.; the 

 sp. gr. = 2.826. Lustre pearly. Color pinkish white; opaque. When heated in 

 contact with the air, it assumed a green tint from the development of manganic 

 acid. 



Specimen 3. Fragment of enamel from a molar tooth of Titanotherium. Appear- 

 ance fibrous, with an uneven fracture, and very tough. Its hardness was = 4.7; 

 the sp. gr. = 4.7. Lustre upon the surface subvitreous, that of the fibres pearly. 

 Color bluish gray, opaque. 



Specimen 4. Fragment of dentine, from a molar tooth of Titanotherium. It was 

 compact, and had an uneven, somewhat subconchoidal fracture. Its hardness was 

 = 2.5; the sp. gr. = 2.935. Lustre dull. Color white, with gray spots and black 

 streaks ; opaque. On heating, in contact with the air, it assumed a greenish tint. 



Sesquioxide of iron 



Oxide of manganese 



Magnesia 



Lime 



Fluoride of calcium 



Baryta 



Soda . 



Potassa 



Silica 



Sulphuric acid 



Phosphoric acid . 



Carbonic acid 



Chlorine 



Water 



Organic matter 



uiumjr 



Spec. 1. 



Spec. 2. 



Spec. 3. 



Spec. 4 



FeA 



1.777 



trace 



trace 



trace 



MnO 



trace 



trace 



trace 



trace 



MgO 



0.348 



1.140 



0.219 



0.53 



CaO 



49.837 



47.052 



51.872 



49.82 



CaFl 



0.716 



5.086 



0.099 



2.90 



BaO 



0.359 



1.131 







NaO 



1.184 



1.572 



1.288 



0.75 



KO 



0.317 



0.276 



0.239 



0.28 



SiOs 



0.135 



0.259 



0.611 



0.79 



S03 



1.067 



2.200 



1.011 



1.51 



P03 



34.148 



32.957 



39.348 



36.10 



CO, 



4.088 



2.270 



3.165 



2.83 



CI 



trace 



trace 



trace 



trace 



HO 



2.048 



1.971 



0.626 



2.10 





5.682 



4.086 



2.538 



2.66 



101.656 100.000 101.016 



100.22 



Or, the composition may be considered thus : — 



