S4 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



queen to the complete formation of the colony, and enumerated twenty-two 

 species of insects, which he had found inhabiting these nests. The paper 

 was fully illustrated with specimens and diagrams. The President exhibited 

 Acidalia immorata, from Lewes. Mr. Gregson, cases of Articulata, showing 

 manipulation before being presentable at public and private museums. Mr. 

 Sydney Webb, his two specimens of Plusia monela. Mr. Beschorner, foreign 

 Papilios. Mr. Stott, a very variable series of Charceas grarninis. Mr. P. 

 Schill, Parnassim apollo and P. phcebus, from Switzerland; also specimens 

 of Papilio machaon, showing the marked difference between Enghsh and 

 Swiss examples of this species. — F. N. Pikrge, Ron. Sec. 



OBITUAEY. 



Mr. Frazer S. Crawford, of Adelaide, South Australia, died 

 October 30th, 1890, in the 61st year of his age. He was an expert 

 photographer, and held the position of photo-lithographer to the 

 Survey Department ; but he also discharged the duties of another 

 office in the Government service, viz., that of Inspector of Vine and 

 Fruit Pests. "His demise is a very great loss to the whole of the 

 Australian Colonies, and to the branches of scientific investigation in 

 which he has rendered such great service during the later years of his 

 life. Southern Californians have to thank him for ridding them of the 

 Icerya purchasi, which already had nearly ruined a large number of 

 their horticulturists ; and Australians, especially South Australians, 

 owe his memory a deep debt of gratitude for his researches into and 

 advice concerning the codlin moth {Carpocapsa pomoneUa), apple and 

 pear ' scab,' and a host of other insect and fungus pests which have 

 afflicted them." The above information and extract is from the 

 Australian ' Garden and Field,' kindly communicated by Miss 

 Eleanor A. Ormerod, who wrote of the deceased as follows: — "Mr. 

 Molineux' obituary notice of Mr. Crawford conveys some idea of his 

 work, but not of the important aid that he gave as a referee and 

 co-operator in investigations as to the history and prevention of 

 attacks which, like that of Icerya purchasi, affected the welfare both of 

 Australasia and the U.S.A. Up to the time of his decease, he paid 

 especial attention to the parasites of this wide-spread pest, and his 

 skill as a photographer was utilised with great benefit to his corre- 

 spondents in illustration of his observations. He was especially on the 

 watch to guard against the introduction of insect infestations into the 

 colony of which he was the entomological care-taker, and from my 

 many years' correspondence with him, I have personal knowledge of the 

 prompt and conscientious exactness with which he devoted himself to 

 such work. He at once procured the most trustworthy information, 

 and brought it forward officially. As a co-operator in such parts of my 

 own work as affected both home and colonial service he was invaluable, 

 — never grudging trouble, or the hardly-pressed time he could so ill 

 spare, to look into the accuracy and serviceableness of every point. 

 During the latter months of his life, when from the increase of his 

 illness the use of crutches had become necessary, he still continued at 

 work, and may truly be said to have died in harness," 



