108 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



one delineated with the ocellus in question is Orpheides demoleus, 

 which, as before stated, is, in my opinion, an archaic form, the 

 larva of which has considerable resemblance to that of Jasoniades 

 glauciis. 



I am therefore of opinion that the insignificant red suffusion 

 on the first lunule of Papilio machaon is the evanescent vestige 

 of an ocellus, in the ancestral form from which this and several 

 other allied species of Papilioninse have descended, and, as such, is 

 not without its value as a contribution towards the philogeny of 

 the genera above dealt with. I am the more inclined to this view 

 because I find this vestigial marking more often to be found in 

 the females of a species than in the males, the former being, as 

 very well put by Prof. Westwood, the more conservative sex. 



Beckenham, March 28, 1891. 



THE KE-DEVELOPMENT OF LOST LIMBS IN THE 



INSECTA. 

 By John Watson.* 



It is by no means rare to find instances of the re-develop- 

 ment of lost limbs in the Crustacea and spiders ; but I have not 

 found any such cases mentioned as occurring amongst the 

 Insecta. 



That it is not unusual amongst insects, I have now no doubt, 

 as I have myself had three cases of re-development of limbs 

 and one case of complete cicatrisation (or healing of a wound), 

 which prove that such re-development can and does take place ; 

 and at either the larval or pupal stages of the insect's metamor- 

 phosis. By re-development I mean, the renewal or growth of a 

 new limb, or part, from the socket or stump of one which has 

 either been pulled off, or amputated. The first case of insect 

 re-development which I recorded, occurred in the larva of Platy- 

 samia cecropia (a North American silk moth). This was an 

 accidental case, and induced me to experiment, with a view to 

 further my knowledge of this subject. 



While rearing the larvae of this moth a year or two ago, I 

 noticed one, in the fourth age (i. e., one that has moulted three 

 times), had had one of the mesothoracic legs bitten off, or other- 

 wise amputated, probably bitten off by another larva. There 

 was no trace of the femur, except a small piece of the skin, loose 

 and dead. The amputation had only taken place the day I had 

 noticed it, as the surrounding skin was still wet with the extra- 

 vasated blood, which, at the edges, was already hardening as it 

 dried. I carefully watched this larva through its last larval 

 moult, and on its emergence in the fifth age, I saw that where the 

 leg should have been was a small conical swelling with a black 



*A paper read before the Scientific Section of the Manchester Literary and 

 Philosophical Society, 



