i2i THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



a glass shade in a hothouse, but there was practically no artificial heat 

 except a moderate temperature at night. The larva that attained its full 

 growth fed almost continuously, and this, coupled with the size of one of 

 the parents, led me to expect even a larger imago. Seven weeks was about 

 the duration of the larva stage, and it took about a similar period to 

 " force " the pupa ; Attacus orizaba, under the same conditions, taking two 

 weeks less. — H. J. White ; Frogmore Lodge, St. Albans. 



Hybernia defoliaria in February. — During the first week of last 

 February, I met with eight specimens of the above insect, at gas lamps. 

 Contrary to Mr. Raynor's experience (Entom. 99), nearly all these were in 

 fine condition (though curiously undersized), and I can hardly believe 

 that they were other than freshly emerged specimens, and not hybernated 

 ones from the previous October or November. Though working the gas 

 lamps frequently the previous autumn, I only record three examples of this 

 species. As an instance of the wide time-range of emergence that obtains 

 in the genus Hybernia, I may mention that H. progemmaria abounded at 

 the gas-lamps here at the end of January and during February of last 

 year, and that on April 17th of the same year, I netted a specimen of 

 this species near Dawlish, S. Devon. — R. M. Prideaux ; 28, Berkeley 

 Square, Bristol, April 3, 1891. 



I venture to think that the specimens of this moth taken by the 

 Rev. Gilbert H. Raynor, in February last, were insects the emergence of 

 which from the pupa was retarded by the long frost which set in at the end 

 of last year. This was certainly the case with a male of this species which 

 I found in my breeding cage in the beginning of February, and probably 

 also with a female, but as the latter was dead when found, it might have 

 emerged in November and escaped my notice, though I think this unlikely. 

 Mr. T. B. Jefferys' note (Entom. 100) on Pcecilocampa populi supports my 

 view. Even winter insects require a warm day to induce them to leave the 

 pupa. — A. J. Chitty ; 33, Queen's Gate Gardens, S.W. 



Late appearakce of Hybernia defoliaria. — I took a few larvae of 

 this species last year ; two or three imagines came out at the usual time, 

 and I was much surprised to find that a male came out on 28th December. 

 I thought this was very late for the species, but another male (dark variety) 

 came out on 30th January; a female on the 3rd February; and a male 

 (dark variety) on 13th February. My breeding-cage is situated out of 

 doors, but sheltered from the north and north-east winds, and it gets the 

 benefit of whatever sunshine there may be. — A. Bacot ; 35, Oakfield Road, 

 Clapton, N.E., April 9, 1891. 



Hybernated specimen of Geotrupes TYPHiEus near Manchester. 

 — While hunting for Coleoptera on the 27th of last month, in Dunham 

 Park, Bowdon, near this city, I turned out of a bore a fine bybernating 

 specimen of Geotrupes typhaus. According to Mr. Fowler's work, 

 ' Descriptive British Coleoptera,' Dunham Park is, with the exception 

 of Liverpool, the only place in the northern counties where this species 

 has been observed, although found locally in southern counties. Perhaps 

 this note may interest some northern entomologists. — Wm. McKay ; 

 79, Bishop Street, Moss Side, Manchester, April, 1891. 



Notes on some early species of Lepidoptera. — Since the first 

 of the month of March I have been several times to Richmond Park, to 



