2oi *HE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Vav. li. — The basal and middle spots conuected by a longitudinal streak 

 of red. 



I have seen this form in collections, but do not possess a good 

 example of it. In a Folkestone specimen I have there is a pro- 

 jection from the lower basal spot towards the lower spot of middle 

 pair. 



Var. i. — All the spots united, forming a flame-like reddish streak. 

 Stephens mentions this form, but I have not seen an example 

 of it. 



Var. j. {chrysanthemi, Esp.) — The usual crimson of spots and hind wings 

 is replaced by a dark colour, ranging from dark brown to bluish black. 



Mr. J. E. Nowers (Entom. xv. 39) records the capture of a 

 specimen of this curious aberration in Wyre Forest, on July 3rd, 

 1881, and describes it as follows : — " The fore wings are of the 

 usual dark green, the spots being black ; the hind wings are 

 black, with a dark green margin. The insect measures 1 inch 

 2 lines, and the spots are rather small." This specimen is now 

 in the collection of Dr. P. B. Mason ; and Mr. H. Gross has a 

 similar one, which he captured at Khinefield in the New Forest, 

 on the 15th of July, 1890. I am indebted to Mr. Baxter, of 

 St. Anne's, for a modified example of this form. In this speci- 

 men, which was bred from pupse obtained in Lancashire, the 

 spots and hind wings are suffused with dark brown. 



In addition to the foregoing varieties, there is a form, 

 generally referred by British entomologists to Z. filipenclulce, 

 which has the sixth spot either very small or altogether absent 

 from the upper surface. Some of the examples of this form have 

 the border of hind wings rather broad, and these have been con- 

 sidered as probably hybrids between Jilipendulce and trifolii. It 

 has been observed at or near Pembroke, at Folkestone (E.M. M. 

 xix. 21, 43), and at Marlborough (E. M. M. xxv. 184). 



The borders of hind wings are usually narrow, but in some 

 specimens, which are quite typical in other respects, they are 

 quite as broad as in trifolii. Sometimes the hind wings have 

 irregular and asymmetrical patches of pale orange. I have several 

 specimens marked in this way, all taken at Folkestone in 1885 ; 

 one of these has the sixth spot on left fore wing also pale orange, 

 while the corresponding spot on the right wing has only a small 

 patch of pale orange on its upper portion. 



With regard to the shape of the wings, I have not, so far, 

 observed much aberration ; but I have one specimen in which the 

 fore wings are rounded, as in Z. exidans. 



Lederer has observed that, in Transcausaria, Z. fili])endulai 

 gradually becomes changed into transcdpina, Hub., and charon, 

 Boisd. (two insects generally known under the name of Z. tri- 

 folii var. dubia, Stand.), but Christoph would appear to hold the 

 opinion that duhia, Stand., and also stoechadis, Bork., are southern 



