SOCIETIES, 307 



species very closely allied, and it was difficult to separate these after study- 

 ing the variation among them, and he added that the figure published by 

 Mr. Carpenter was undoubtedly steineirana ; he did not for a moment 

 suggest that Mr. Barrett was not right in calling the Irish specimens vibiir- 

 nana, but until more material was obtained he did not think it could be 

 assumed they were distinct from the Continental T. steineirana var. 

 dohriana. Mr. Barrett remarked that Mr. Carpenter's figure was from a 

 single specimen, and was extremely unlike the majority of the specimens 

 which had since been bred. Mr. Oldham exhibited, among other species, 

 a black var. of Cerastis spadicea, Hb., from his garden, near Epping 

 Forest, and a specimen of Apamea ophiogramma, Esp., taken in the 

 Forest. Mr. South remarked that the first-named species should be called 

 ligula, Esp., as it was not at all like Hiibner's figure of spadicea. — H. W. 

 Barker, Hon. Sec. 



Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society. — November Qth, 

 1891. — The President in the chair. The Secretary read letters from 

 members of the South London Entomological Society, stating that Mr. 

 Tutt's report of the proceedings of that Society (read at the last meeting) 

 re Tortrix donelana was incorrect, and referred the members to their 

 Secretary's report in the magazines for what actually took place. Mr. Robert 

 Newstead, F.E.S., read a paper entitled, " General Notes on the Scale 

 Insects, Coccidae." The author gave a brief resume of the work done by 

 the earlier naturalists, and enumerated types of the principal genera (of 

 which he had drawn large coloured diagrams in illustration). In the course 

 of his remarks he described the distinctive characters, and exhibited 

 drawings of the following new species : — Lecanium assimilis, on Aster, at 

 Colwyn Bay ; L. minimum, on Areca under glass, Cheshire ; Pulvinaria 

 persicoB, on peach, Cheshire ; Pseudococcus associalis, on Ribes, Yorks ; 

 Ripersia tomlinii, on grass-roots in ants'-nests, Guernsey ; R. pulveraria 

 under leaf-sheaths of Agrostis, Cheshire. Mr. Newstead exhibited speci- 

 mens of 172 species of Coccidae, including nearly all the known British 

 species. Mr. Gardner exhibited Coccus cacti and Carteria lacca, the latter 

 with their products. The Secretary, Aspidiotus personatus, Vinsonia 

 pulchella, and Lecanium olem ; the latter were much broken by some lepi- 

 dopterous (?) larvae, which had formed silken tunnels under the scales. 

 The President exhibited melanic and other forms oiLiparis monacha. Mr. 

 Gregson, varieties of Dianthcecia conspersa and Abraxas grossulariata. bred 

 by him this year. Mr. Walker, water-colour drawings of Deilephila galii ; 

 and Mr. Stott, a Noctua, previously exhibited some time ago, which had 

 since been pronounced to be a variety of Epunda lichenea by Mr. Barrett. 

 — F. N. Pierce, Hon. Sec. 



Birmingham Entomological Society. — Oct. IQth, 1891. — Mr. R. C. 

 Bradley in the chair. Rev. C. F. Thornewill showed a number of insects 

 taken on Cannock Chase this year, including a raelanic variety of Cymato- 

 phora duplaris ; also a collection made in Bucks this year, including Cleora 

 lichenaria, Boarmia roboraria, Adventia flexala, Phorodesma bajuiaria, &c. 

 Mr. G. W. Wynn showed a beautiful series of Geometra papilionaria, bred 

 from Wyre Forest larvae. Mr. P. W. Abbott showed Setina irrorella, 

 Agrotis lucernea, and A.lunigera ; long series from the Isle of Wioht. Mr, 

 R. C. Bradley showed Acidia cognata from Sutton, and A. heraclei from 

 Moseley. Rev. C. F. Thornewill read notes on the recent discovery of 



