on the Trees and Shrubs at Berlin. 635 



expected, that the woody plants would suffer severely ; which, 

 upon examination, I found to be the case. In places where 

 trees and shrubs were exposed to the sun, they were generally 

 frozen ; whereas, on the contrary, those which were in situations 

 on which the sun could not have any power, such as with a 

 north aspect, in many cases remained uninjured. 



The trees and shrubs which were destroyed by the frost here 

 were not those that were very young, and only lately planted ; 

 but rather those that had stood in the open air six, and, in some 

 cases, even thirty, years ; and, during that time, had supported every 

 degree of cold. This is the more remarkable, as the wood had 

 had sufficient time to form and ripen during the preceding long 

 autumn, and, therefore, appeared strong enough to brave the 

 rigours of the winter. The effect of the frost on plants was 

 very different in the year 1836. (See the Allgem, Zeit., 4th year, 

 p. 129.) 



The effects of the winter have, unfortunately, made many gaps 

 in groups of trees and shrubs ; and the loss is evidently seen, 

 and much felt. The production of many years' labour and 

 trouble has been all at once annihilated ; and, as undoubtedly 

 many arboretums have suffered in German gardens, it will be 

 difficult to replace what is lost; not to mention the time which 

 must elapse before the trees grow up, and show their proper 

 character. Many will certainly shoot out well from the root ; 

 but, on the contrary, many will also come up imperfectly. 



Those specimens which have suffered most, or have been 

 entirely destroyed, are : a great part of the Cratee'gi, such as C. 

 orientalis, OYw'xexiana, viridis, Azarolus ; ^raygdalus argentea, 

 and bronchialis ; Pyrus lanata, crenata, and nepalensis ; Cydonia 

 sinensis ; Cotoneaster affinis, acuminata, frigida, and PasMa ; 

 (Sorbus nepalensis ; several species of jPrunus ; (Spirae^a bella, 

 nepalensis, ceanothifolia ; and i^osacese without number.* The 

 strongest trees of Bignonm radicans, Catalpa syringce^oXx^.^ 

 Broussonetm papyrifera, Celtis australis, laevigata, and sinensis. 

 Several acers, such as^. oblongum, {^A, neapolitanum, uninjured,) 

 palmatum, and opulifolium ; Tamarix gallica and germanica, 

 jPlatanus cuneata and orientalis, Morus, Cercis ; large stems of 

 the beautiful Quercus Toza, Thomaszz, &c. ,- Populus hetero- 

 phylla, Liquidambar Styraciflua, many rare t/'lmi, Planer<2 

 Richard?, Pterocarya caucasica, &c. Pseouia Motitafi var. 

 ^apaveracea, which was never destroyed by the frost before, is 

 killed down to the roots this year, although under a covering. 

 The species of Berheris, such as B. aristata, canadensis, sinensis, 



* The woody iiosacese seem to have suffered the most in other places, as we 

 are informed by the Anhalt Gartenbau Zeitung, Nos, 10. and 12.; in which it is 

 stated that the fruit trees and roses are generally frozen. 



