54 COUNTICS .OF Missa ou KE, 
chartered as a city March 14th, 1859. The Missouri Institution 
for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb and the State Lunatic 
Asylum are both located at Fulton. The people of the county 
contributed $12,000 and 460 acres of land towards establishing the 
latter institution here. There are a college and two seminaries at 
Fulton, besides a number of excellent common schools. 
This county was first settled by Captain SamueL Boone (nephew 
of DanieL Boone, of Kentucky) in 1818. It was named after 
Captain James Cattaway, who fell in battle while fighting the 
Indians. The county was formed from Montgomery County and 
was organized in 1820: About one-third of the county is prairie 
and nearly all the remainder timber. Along theriver the country 
is level and fertile, the northern portion of the county is hilly and 
broken, and extends out upon the ridge that divides between the 
waters of the Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers. 
Bituminous and Cannel coal and excellent marble are found in 
large quantities, and iron ore, fine limestone, cement and clay exist. 
Camden County—Is located in the south central part of the State, 
and is drained by the Osage, Big and Little Niangua and Grand 
Auglaize Rivers, the former of which is navigable for small steam- 
boats. 
Linn CREEK, the county seat, population in 1870, 132, is situa- 
ted near the Osage River, and is 30 miles north from Lebanon, 
Laclede County, a station on the Atlantic & Pacific Railway 185 
miles from St. Louis, and 56 miles northeast of Springfield. 
With the exception of the extreme southeastern corner of the 
county it is well timbered, with face of the country rolling and 
some portions broken and almost mountainous. There is but little 
prairie in the county. The streams and springs afford abundance 
of water power. There are several interesting caves and subterra- | 
nean lakes in the county. Lead has been found and worked in 
paying quantities. 
Cape Girardeau County—Is located in the southeastern part 
of the State, is bounded on the east by the State of Illinois, from 
which it is separated by the Mississippi River. This county is 
watered by the White Water River, and Apple and Hubbs Creeks 
and their tributaries. 
Jackson, the county seat, population in 1870, 459, is situated 
near the center of the county, and was incorporated March and, 
1859. It is about to miles west of the city of Cape Girardeau on 
the Mississippi River, and about 15 miles northeast of Dallas (Mar- 
ble Hill), a station on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain Railway, 134 
miles from St. Louis. 
Cape Girardeau, the chief city of the county, occupies a com- 
manding site overlooking the Mississippi River. The population 
of the city, in 1870, was 3,585. This place is situated on a solid 
bed of marble, and for this reason it is known as the ‘‘ Marble 
City.’’ Cape Girardeau contains a college, two seminaries, an 
academy and a convent. It is 16 miles from White Water, a sta- 
tion on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain Railway, 145 miles from 
St. Louis. 
This county was first settled by the French, in 1794. The 
county has no prairie and is heavily timbered. There is much 
excellent timber for boat building purposes. The surface of the 
country is in the southern portion mostly level, and in the north- 
ern portion is moderately uneven. The soil is fertile, producing 
abundantly of wheat, corn, oats, grasses, tobacco and fruit. 
Carroll County—Is located in the northwest center of the State. 
It is drained by the Missouri River, which forms its southern 
boundary, and by Grand River, and Turkey and Big Creeks. 
CARROLLTON, the county seat and principal town, population in 
1870, 1,832, lies on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Rail- 
way, 209 miles from St. Louis, and 66 miles from Kansas City. 
This place was named in honor of CHARLES CaRROLL, of Carroll- 
ton, the last survivor of the signers of the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence, and was incorporated March 12, 1849. 
DeWitt, (formerly Windsor City,) population in 1870, 317, isa 
station on the above railway, 17 miles east from the county seat, 
192 miles from St. Louis, and 83 miles from Kansas City. It was 
one of the principal seats of the Mormon war. 
Norborne, population in 1870, 148, is a station on the same 
railway, 219 miles from St. Louis, and 56 miles from Kansas City, 
The surface of the country is rolling,—prairie and timber inter- 
spersed. Coal and stone for building purposes abound. Lead 
and iron have been found. The chief exports are wheat, corn and 
tobacco. ‘There are several earth mounds in the county, varying 
from 100 to 450 feet in height. From the highest of these, called 
Bogart’s Mound, issues a very peculiar spring, whose water is oily 
or pitchy, so much so that it is used for lubrication. 
Carter County—lIs situated in the southeastern part of the State, 
and is drained principally by the Current River, a rapid and clear 
stream along whose banks is some of the finest scenery in Mis- 
souri, and whose tributaries afford excellent hunting and fishing. 
Van Buren, the county seat, population in 1870, including 
township, 760, is 22 miles from Mill Spring, Wayne County, a 
station on the St. Louis and Iron Mountain Railway, 135 miles 
from St. Louis and 18 north from Poplar Bluff, Butler County. 
The county was named in honor of one of its earliest citizens, 
Mr. Zimri CarTER, and was organized March roth, 1859. 
The face of the country is quite broken, the valleys are very 
fertile, with timber abundant. The hillsides are well adapted to 
the culture of the grape. Iron and copper abound. 
Cass County—Is located in the western part of the State, on the 
eastern border of Kansas, and is drained by South Grand River 
and Big Creek and their numerous tributaries. 
HARRISONVILLE, the county seat, population in 1870, 1,032, is 
on the Osage Division of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway, 
22 miles from Holden, Johnson County, 72 miles from Kansas City 
via Holden, and 254 miles from St. Louis. Harrisonville was 
incorporated March r4th, 1859. 
Pleasant Hill, population in 1870, 2,554, is on Big Creek, is 
to miles northeast of the county seat, and is astation on the Mis- 
souri Pacific Railway at its junction with the Lawrence Branch, 
248 miles from St. Louis and 34 miles southeast of Kansas City, 
and 61 miles from Lawrence, Kansas. 
About three-fourths of the county is prairie, and the remainder 
good timber. The soil is fertile and well adapted to agricultural 
purposes. ‘The chief products are corn, wheat, oats and stock. 
There is a petroleum spring in the county and also several interest- 
ing elevations known as ‘‘Knobs.’’ This county was formerly 
