“a 
COUNTIES OF MISSOURT, 63 
Coal has been found in several localities. The county was named 
in honor of Epwarp Livincstron, Secretary of State under 
President JACKSoN. 
Macon County—Is situated in the northeastern part of the State, 
about equi-distant from the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers and 
Towa. It is well drained, principally by the Chariton River and 
its tributaries. 
Macon City, the county seat and principal city, is a thriving 
business point, pleasantly located at the crossing of the St. Louis, 
Kansas City & Northern Railway with the Hannibal & St. Joseph 
Railway, 169 miles northwest from St. Louis, 70 miles west from 
Hannibal, 136 miles east from St. Joseph, and 155 miles northeast 
from Kansas City. Its population in 1870 was as follows: rst 
ward, 1,136; 2d ward, 1,077; 3d ward, 1,465; total, 3,678; of 
whom 3,238 were native born, 440 foreign ; 2,758 white, and 920 
colored. Macon City and Hudson, previously two distinct places, 
were united under the name of the former November 28, 1859. 
The citizens are enterprising and intelligent, and the city affords 
good educational facilities. 
Bevier, population in 1870, 833, an energetic point on the Han- 
nibal & St. Joseph Railway, is located 5 miles west from the county 
seat. 
La Plata, population in 1870, 546, is a station on the St. 
Louis, Kansas City & Northern Railway, 20 miles north of the 
county seat, and 189 miles from St. Louis. 
The surface of the country is generally undulating, in some por- 
tions broken. There are anumber of peculiar formations, some of 
them about 200 feet high, known as ‘ Knobs, 
have contours so regular that they resemble works of art rather than 
of nature. There is a variety of soil which is very fertile and well 
several of which 
adapted to all the purposes of agriculture, including fruit and stock 
raising. The chief exports are tobacco, wheat and corn. Lead 
ore, sulphate of iron and hydraulic limestones have been found. 
Bituminous coal exists in immense quantities, This county was 
first settled in 1832 by James CawHon, THoMAs WILLIAMS and 
others. 
Madison County—Is situated in the southeastern part of the 
State, and is drained by tributaries of the St, Francois and Castor 
Rivers. 
FREDEKiCKTOWN, the county seat, population in 1870, including 
township, 1,325, is pleasantly located in a fine farming district, on 
the St. Louis and Iron Mountain, 1o5 miles south from St. Louis, 
and g1 miles northwest from Belmont, Mississippi County. 
The surface of the country is very uneven and much of it what 
may be termed ‘‘ mountainous.’’ The soil is thin and sterile, 
except in the valleys, where it is quite productive. This county 
contains a great variety of minerals, and some of them, lead, 
copper and iron, in immense quantities. Much of the #icke/ used 
by the United States Government in coinage is from mines in this 
county. Some of these lead mines were worked as early as 1765 or 
1770 by Indiansand Spaniards, while this section of the country was 
under Spanish rule. Gold, silver, cobalt, platinum, and manganese 
are known to exist. Considerable trouble has been experienced in 
‘this county on account of the uncertainty of titles on a few private 
claims. ‘The first settlements were .made at Mine La Motte in 
1722 or 1723. The county was organized from the counties of Ste. 
Genevieve and Cape Girardeau in 1818. 
Maries County—Is located in the south central portion of the 
State, and is drained principally by Gasconade River and Maries 
Creek and tributaries. 
VIENNA, the county seat, estimated population in 1870, 200, has 
a pleasant location near the center of the county, 15 miles north of 
Jerome, Phelps County, which is a station on the Atlantic & Pacific 
Railway, 128 miles from St. Louis. Vienna is also 30 miles south- 
east from Jefferson City. 
The surface of the country is generally broken timber lana. 
There are a few prairies in the county, and some good soil in the 
valleys. Stock growing and fruit culture, including the grape, can be 
profitably prosecuted. Deposits of lead, iron and copper ores exist 
in the county. The county was first settled about 1830, and was 
formed from Pulaski and Qsage Counties, March ad, 1855. 
Marion County—Is situated in the northeastern part of the 
State, on the western border of Illinois, from which it is separated 
by the Mississippi River. Its interior is well watered by the North 
and South Fabius and North Rivers, and numerous other streams. 
PaLmyra, the county seat, population in 1870, 2,615, is located 
east of the center of the county, on a commanding elevation, and 
contains a number of beautiful residences and fine public build- 
ings; has an intelligent community, and affords excellent educa- 
tional advantages. It is a station on the Hannibal and St. Joseph 
Railway at the’janction of a branch with the main line, and is 15 
miles northwest from Hannibal, and 15 miles southwest from 
Quincy, Illinois. It was incorporated as a city, November 23, 1855. 
Hannibal, the principal commercial city of northeastern Mis- 
souri, has a favorable location on the west bank of the Mississippi 
River. Its population in 1870 was as follows: 1st ward, 1,836; 
2d ward, 2,160; 3d ward, 1,969; 4th ward, 2,320; 5th ward, 
1,840; total, 10,125 ; of whom 8,493 were native born, 1,632 for- 
eign ; and 8,508 white, 1,616 colored, and 1 Indian. This city is 
the eastern terminus of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railway, the 
eastern terminus of Hannibal & Central Missouri Railway, and by 
bridge across the Mississippi River, the western terminus of the 
Toledo, Wabash & Western Railway, and is 206 miles east from St. 
Joseph, 15 miles southeast of the county seat, and by river, 20 
miles south of Quincy, IIl., and 144 miles northwest from St. 
Louis. It is in latitude 39°58’ N. and longitude go° 58’ W., and 
87 miles air line northeast from Jefferson City. Hannibal contains ; 
numerous elegant residences, fine public buildings and business 
blocks, an enterprising and industrious community, and furnishes 
good educational advantages. 
The surface of the country in Marion County is about two-thirds 
undulating prairie, with timber land desirably interspersed. The 
soil, which is generally underlaid by silicious marl, and is very fer- 
tile, and the climate, are well adapted to agricultural purposes. 
Wheat, beef, and pork are the chief exports. Coal is found, and 
fire clay, clay and sand for brick, limestones and freestones are 
abundant. 
McDonald County—Is the extreme southwest corner of the 
State, bordering on Arkansas and the Indian Territory. It is 
