Bi a 
272 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 
3. The child reads the test letters beginning with the largest; the smallest 
letter which can be read indicates the ‘‘ acuteness of vision” at 16 feet 5 
inches (5 metres). Mark the arabic figure under this letter opposite 
** Acuteness of Vision, right eye 
. Change the blinder to the right e 
. Turn up the middle leaf of the test card so as to expose the second set 
_ te letters. 
6. Test the acuteness of vision of the left eye in a similar manner. 
25, 26. Acuteness of Hearing. 
The hearing tests are to be made in the cloak-room with the doors closed. 
Their success depends primarily on the absence of all noise from the adjacent 
class-rooms and halls. 
1. The pupil is seated with the right ear towards the observer. 
2. An assistant closes the pupil’s left ear by pressing the tragus (the little 
cartilage in front of the external opening) inwards with her thumb while 
with the fingers of the same hand she closes the eyelids in a handkerchief. 
With the other hand the assistant holds the end of the brass ring of the tape 
measure against the head just beneath the ear, grasping the ring between 
thumb and forefinger and keeping the hand entirely below the auditory 
opening. 
3. The observer stands directly opposite the ear and 11 feet from it, 
holding the vont parallel with the floor. The watch is held by the chain 
ring against the median line of the observer’s body, just above and not 
touching the tape. The face of the watch is towards the pupil. 
4. The observer charges the pupil to say ‘“‘now’’ when he hears the 
watch tick, and advances the watch until the pupil replies. The watch is 
now withdrawn and again advanced until the pupil replies. Marking this 
point on the tape measure between finger and thumb, the observer puts the 
watch behind her back, and asks ‘‘ Do you hear now?”’ If the pupil replies 
** No,” the watch is returned to the former position and the inquiry repeated. 
If the watch is again heard at this distanee the test is satisfactory; if not, 
it should be repeated. Write the distance at which — — is heard in 
feet and inches opposite ‘‘Acuteness of Hearing, right ea 
5. tt urn the pupil around (180°) and test the left ear ie a similar manner 
fulness of some children will make the accuracy of their tests 
south In such cases write an interrogation mark after the figures 
secured. 
27, 28, 29, 30. Head Measurements. 
The teacher carries the blanks arranged in the order in which the pupils 
sit in her room, a pen, and a centimetre rule. The medical assistant makes 
& measurement, places the callipers on the rule which the teacher holds, 
and reads the number of centimetres and millimetres. The teacher writes 
these numbers while the assistant makes the next measurement. 
Instructions for Medical Assistants. 
Measurements must be read to millimetres. 
1, Length of head. — Place one point of the callipers on the most prominent 
point of the oo between the eyebrows. Bring the other point of the 
the posterior part. of the head and move it along the middle 
2. 
g ig is found. (A, B.) 
