450 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 
Among the Bombdus-flowers, Pyrus has everything its own 
way, while the contest is weak between Rubus and Losa, but 
strong between the congeners of these genera. _ 
In June Spiraea seems to depend upon beetles without 
being molested by its relatives. Géllenia, from its structure, 
seems to depend mainly upon small, long-tongued bees, but I 
hope to pay more attention to it next season. 
Geum album is practically without competition, except with 
Potentilla norvegica, and Agrimonia eupatoria and parviflora. 
Agrimonia eupatoria was observed by Miiller * to be visited for 
pollen by nine Syrphidae, one Anthomyia and one Halictus. 
I have yet to make observations on this species and A. parvi- 
a. 
Potentilla norvegica seems to depend mainly upon self-pollin- 
ation. Its long blooming time may to some extent, compensate 
for its inconspicuousness and its inability to attract numerous 
insects at any giventime. This species and Agrimonia eupa- 
toria are the only species treated of here which are credited by 
the Manual to both this country and Europe. From its long 
blooming time it resembles an introduced species. 
Tables III. and IV. give the results of the observation of 
the insect-visitors of the genera considered in this paper. The 
observations in Low Germany were taken from Miiller’s Fer- 
tilization of Flowers and Weitere Beobachtungen iiber Be- 
fruchtung der Blumen durch Insekten; those in the Alps 
from his Alpenblumen, ihre Befruchtung durch Insekten und 
ihre Anpassungen an Dieselben. The observations made in the 
Pyrenees are taken from MacLeod: De Pyreneeénbloemen en 
hare Bevruchting door Insecten, eene bijdrage tot de bloemen- 
geographie. 
COMPOSITAE. 
The following paper on the insect visitors of the Compos- 
itae gives the results of observations made in the neighborhood 
of Carlinville, Illinois. Since hardly half of the species 
growing here are included, I have thought it better to with- 
hold a general review of the family until at least most of the 
remaining species have been studied. 
* Fertilization of Flowers, 235. € 
