Robertson — Flowers and Insects. 465 
Sarcophagidae: (39) sp.; (40 and 41) Sarcophaga spp.; Muscidae: (42) 
Stomoxys calcitrans L.; (43) Lucilia cornicina F.; (44) L. sylvarum Mg.; 
Anthomyidae: (45) Anthomyia sp.; (46) A. albicincta Fll.; Muscidae 
acalyptratae: (47) sp.—all s. or f. 
Coleoptera — Scarabaeidae: (48) Trichius piger F., s. and f. p., freq.; 
Cerambycidae: (49) Typocerus sinuatus N ewm., f. p., freq.; Chrysomelidae: 
(50) Diabrotica 12-punctata Oliv., f. p.; (51) D. atripennis Say, s.; 
Mordellidae: (52) Pentaria trifasciata Melsh., s.; Rhipiphoridae: (58) 
Rhipiphorus limbatus HF Bs 
Hemiptera — Capsidae: (54) Lygus pratensis L., freg.; (55) Calocorus 
rapidus Say; Corimelaenidae: (56) Corimelaena pulicaria Germ.—all s. 
Ecuinacea aneustiroiia * DC. — This purple Cone-flower 
is one of the handsomest of native plants. It grows on 
prairies. The stems grow from five to ten decimetres high 
and bear large conical heads with long drooping rays, which 
are rose-red. The rays are sterile, the disc flowers being 
hermaphrodite. The corollas measure five millimetres in 
length, their rigid lobes being erect and rather closely approxi- 
mated. The nectar is, therefore, deeply seated and closely 
concealed. The pollen is carried upwards and exposed on the 
hairy styles. In most of the Compositae the pollen may be 
gathered with great facility by bees which run about over the 
heads. In Echinacea, however, each pair of pollen-laden 
Styles is guarded by the stiff tip of a bract, so that it is fairly 
impossible for any except the smallest bees to collect the 
pollen, and these cannot do it easily. I have seen the female 
of Melissodes obliqua trying in vain to collect pollen of 
£. purpurea. \ 
The stiff bracts also serve to render the nectar less accessi- 
ble. On account of the deep-seated nectar, the narrow passage 
to it, the stiff bracts, excluding bees, and the bright color I 
4m inclined to regard the flowers of Echinacea as specially 
adapted to butterflies, and these, as far as I have observed, are 
the principal guests. 
Echinacea angustifolia, as far as observed, blooms from 
June 3rd to 30th. . June 14, 20 and 21 I noted as visitors: — 
Lepidoptera — Rhopalocera: (1) Danais archippus F.; (2) Chrysophanus 
CW 
* The plant is figured ia Goodale and Sprague ‘ Wild Flowers of 
America,” Plate XXYV. 
