466 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 
thoe B.— L.; (3) Colias philodice Gdt.; (4) Pamphila peckius Kby.; (5) P. 
cernes B.— L.— alls. 
Hymenoptera — Apidae: (6) Ceratina dupla Say 9, s. andc. p.; (7) Me- 
gachile montivaga Cr. ',s.; Andrenidae: (8) Agapostemon viridula F. 9. 
Coleoptera —Cerambycidae: (9) Typocerus sinuatus Newm., f. p 
ECHINACEA PURPUREA Moench.— The stems are taller and 
more branched than in #. angustifolia and, accordingly, the 
heads are more numerous. The rays are rose-purple, and 
more expanded than in #. angustifolia. The discs appear 
yellow from the color of the tips of the bracts. The tubes of 
the dise-florets are narrow and measure about five millimetres 
long. The rigid tips of the chaff surpass the corollas for three 
or four millimetres and are so closely crowded that insects 
cannot reach the nectar unless they are provided with a pro- 
boscis eight or nine millimetres long. Pollen is carried out on 
the hairy tips of the styles but is so closely guarded by the 
chaff-tips that pollen-collecting bees are unable to remove it. _ 
As in the case of the preceding, the flower seems to be 
adapted to butterflies, which are the principal visitors. 
The plant blooms from June 18 to September 14. August 
8 and 24, and September 14 the following visitors were 
noted : — 
Lepidoptera — Rhopalocera: (1) Danias archippus F.; (2) Phyciodes 
nycteis D. —H.; (3) Pieris rapae L.; (4) Colias philodice Gdt.; (5) Papilio 
troilus L.—all s, 
Hymenoptera — Apidae: (6) Apis mellifica L. 8, s., one; (7) Bombus 
separatus Cr. gj’, s.; (8) Melissodes obliqua Say Q,s., and trying in vain to 
collect pollen; Andrenidae: (9) Agapostemon viridula F. f'@, 8. and c. P 
Diptera — Bombylidae: (10) Exoprosopa decora Lw.; (11) Systoechus 
vulgaris Lw.— both s. 
RupBeckia HIrTA L.—The stems grow from three to six 
decimetres high and bear conspicuous heads with bright 
yellow rays. ; 
The ray-flowers are neutral. The flowers of the disc ere 
hermaphrodite. The pollen is carried out on the hairy tips 
of the approximated style-divisions. 
The tubes are slender and measure about four millimetres 
in length. The nectar, therefore, is accessible only to me 
longer and more slender tongues, but the pollen is easily 
accessible. 
