Field Studies of the Non-Social Wasps 379 
Apuip Wasp, Stigmus fraternus sub-species raui 
[S. A. Rohwer].* 
The twig harboring this little insect was taken at 
Shaw’s Garden, February 2, 1920. At this time it con- 
tained larvae in the quiet stage, more properly called 
prepupae; these were naked, i. e., entirely without co- 
coons. The channel in the twig was 81 inches deep, but 
all of the insects that emerged came from the eight cells 
in the lower 21% inches of this. The same type of cells 
were present above this portion, but of these I shall write 
later. The cells were just a trifle more than 1/16 inch 
in width, and their length varied from 3/16 to %4 inch. 
The partitions were made of fine pith, and their thick- 
hess varied from a little less to a little more than 1/16 
inch, 
About the 10th of April, two males emerged, but were 
dead on the floor of the jar when discovered. The eight 
others, which emerged subsequently, were all females, 
and came from the eight lower cells in the group men- 
tioned above, in the lower part of the long tunnel. In 
these eight females we see simultaneous development, at 
least at that date; all were perfectly and completely de- 
veloped, and when the twig was split open they briskly 
walked out, apparently with equal readiness. There were 
no cocoons, and they all developed with the head up. 
I was sorry that I had not, at an earlier stage in their 
development, substituted a transparent wall in one side 
of the nest, so that I could see how they solved the prob- 
lem of the order of emergence, i. e., whether each waits 
for the one above to clear the way before it attempts to 
break down the roof, or whether the lowermost matures 
first and struggles over all the others above it. 
ey 
PE aba sub-species described in Froc. Ent. Soc. Washington, 25; 100, 
