The Nuptial Flight 107 
advantageous wind for a distance of 14 mile, but, it must be 
remembered, those which returned had made a previous flight 
to the roof. 
Exp. 44. May 30. The above paragraph tells the activities 
of moths under experimentation on May 30. Here we record 
the action of wild ones in their relation to the moonlight on the 
Same night. The moon shone from 9 p.m. With an abundance 
of females of both cecropia and polyphemus on hand, males of 
both species were coming to the roof that night. In addition to 
the one marked cecropia recorded above which came in at 11 
o’cloek that night, 4 more wild ones came in at 11:35, 12:02, 
1:50 and 3:10, and during the usual hour 10 more arrived. Thus 
in spite of the fact that the moths are attuned to fly at the hour 
of dawn, one third of these came in during the moonlight, con- 
trary to the custom of the great majority. Was this because the 
moonlight was of just the right degree of intensity to simulate 
the dawn and elicit their response, or were these four individuals 
peculiarly endowed with some faculties for seeking their mates 
m any light, which their brothers did not share? 
Exp. 45. June 1. I overslept, so made no records of the 
small hours of the night, but at 4 o’clock, when I arrived, 6 wild 
males were flying about the cages, and 9 more came in before 
4:30, making a total catch of 15 this night. 
Exp. 46. June 1. Wind, southeast; station, 2 miles north. 
Thirty-eight bred males, from 3 to 5 days old, were liberated in 
Forest Park, a little to one side of the path of the wind, at 4:45 
P.m. These moths had never before been out of doors. Only 
one of this large number returned, and that at 10:30 the same 
evening, after an absence of six hours, for the trip of two miles, 
at an hour when most moths are at rest. 
Exp. 47. June 1. Wind, southeast; station, 3 miles north- 
west. The point of liberation was chosen, as nearly as we could 
estimate, in the path of the wind. The 61 cecropias were: 12 
native moths which had come in at dawn, 10 from the day be- 
fore, 7 native moths which had made an additional test flight, 
31 which had emerged in the laboratory the day before, and 1 
bred male 4 days old. Of these 61 cecropias, 15, or about 25 per 
cent, returned from their enforced flight of three miles! 
These returns are interesting in point of time and proportion 
