The Nuptial Flight 111 
with a strong wind from the east. Up to 3:40, no moths came 
in, and I fell asleep. At 7 o’clock I found that the lid had 
blown off one cage, and every one of the five females therein had 
united with a wild cecropia. This 100 per cent record of mating 
is more interesting when compared with the results of later 
experiments, wherein only 9 out of 28 couples mated when 
thrown in close proximity in small cages, but where all motion 
of the air was excluded. Six other wild males were found in 
the room. 
Exp. 58. June 12. Wind, west; station, 1/5 mile east. The 
22 native males were liberated at 11:15 p- m., in the park. 
These had come in during the last two dawns. The eyes of 
four of these were thickly painted with stove enamel; this was 
done to learn if the eyes do function in the moths’ quest for 
Mates. None of the normal males returned in this experiment, 
but, mirabile dictu! all four of the blinded ones came back that 
same night! 
Exp. 59. June 12. Wind, west; station, 1/5 mile east. This 
lot included 10 cecropias which had come to the roof at dawn 
that morning, and the one which had come back successfully 
with only one half of its antennae. The antennae of all of the 
others were entirely removed. It was at first very flattering to 
find that we got a 100 per cent failure to return when the 
antennae were entirely amputated, in contrast to a 100 per cent 
ability to return with eyes covered, but of course our evidence 
from the antennaeless moths is weakened by the fact that the 
able-bodied moths the same night failed, for some reason = 
we cannot fathom. However, these two experiments give us 
Some inkling of the relative importance of antennae and eyes. 
Exp. 60. June 12. I watched all the night of June 12-13, but 
nO cecropias came in during the early hours. Before midnight, 
the wind blew from the west, but at 3:20 it shifted to the north- 
West and became stronger. The first one came in at 3:29, and 
until 4:20, 26 young wild males arrived, and the four blinded 
Ones mentioned above. This flock came in from the south and 
Southeast. It is surprising to me that so many should come in 
at this date, inasmuch as the last of my cocoons in the labor- 
atory had hatched four days prior to this. May it be that the 
shifting of the wind carried the emanations from the laboratory 
