£ 
[i] 158 
Sulphate of soda - - - & ie “ - 0.93 
‘Sulphate of lime - - - - - - - Ute 
: see 100.00 
oGlinding your eye along the map, ste will see a Stall stream entering 
the Utah lake, south of the Spanish fork, and the first waters of that lake 
which our road of 1844 crosses in coming up from the southward. When 
i was on this stream with Mr. Walker in that year, he informed me that on 
the upper part of the river are immense beds of rock salt of very great thick- 
ness; which he had frequently visited. Farther to the southward, the rivers 
which are affluent to the Colorado, such as the Rio Virgen, and ’Gila river, 
near their mouths, are impregnated with salt by the eliffs of rock salt be- 
tween which they pass. These mines occur in the same ridge in which, 
about 120 miles to the northward, and subsequently in their more immediate 
neighborhood, we discovered the fossils belonging to the oolitic period, and 
they are probably connected with that formation, and are the deposite from 
which the Great Lake obtains its salt. Had we remained pees we should 
have found them in its bed, and in the mountains around its shores. 
By observation, the latitude of this camp is 41° 15’ 50", aid longitude 
192° 06’ 43". 
The observations made during our stay give for the rate of the chro- 
nometer 31.72, corresponding almost exactly with the rate obtained 
at St. Vrain’s fort. Barometrical observations were made reopen during 
the day. This morning we breakfasted on yampah, and ha kamas 
for supper ; but a cup of good coffee still distinguished us fecen our Digger 
acquaintances. 
vot ember 12.—The morning was clear and calm, with a temperature 
at sunrise of 32°. We resumed our journey late in the day, eee? 
nearly the same route: whieh we had travelled in coming to the lake ; and, 
avoiding the passage of Hawthorn creek, s ruck the hills a little Belov the 
hot salt springs. ‘The flat plain we had H@re passed over consisted alter- 
nately of tolerably ee sandy soil and of saline plats. We encamped 
early on Clear creek, at the foot of the high Fags one of the peaks of 
_ which we saeettsiets by measurement to be 4,210 feet above the lake, or 
“about 8,400 feet above the sea. Behind these front peaks the ridge rises 
towards the Bear river mountains, which are probably as high asthe Wind 
river chain. This creek is here unusually well timbered with a variety of 
trees. ore them were birch (betula,) the teatro teas rapa (populus 
angustifolia,) several kinds of willow (sdlix,) hawthorn (crategus,) al- 
der (alaus viridis, ) and cerasus, with an ae allied to nti alba, but 
ery distinct from ‘that or any other species in the United St: 
* read to-night a suppér of sea gulls, which Carson killed se ‘the lake. 
jl, the thermometer standing at 47° ,musquitoes were auflicient- 
ly numerous to be’ troublesome this evening. 
tember 1 13. —Continuing up the river valley, we crossed several small 
streams ; the mountains on the sight appearing to consist of the blue lime- 
stone, which we had observed in the same ridge to the northward, alternat- 
whi here with a granular quartz already mentioned. One of these streams, 
ich forms a smaller lake near the river, was broken up into several chan- 
_and the irrigated bottom of fertile soil was covered with innumerable 
, among which were purple fields of itis a purpureum, with 
re 
Tee 
