C14] 64 
-the valley, he weather being very cold, and the cago copies in hard. gusts, 
whieh the wind blew directly in our faces. We forded the Portneuf i ina 
storm of jt the water in the river being frequently u: D to the a: e8,.a 
about 110 yards wide. After the gust, the weather imp roved. a little, and 
e encamped about three miles below, at the. mouth o the Pannack river, 
on rico fork, which here has a breadth of, about 120 y . The. tem+ 
perature ef sunset was 42°; .the sky pas cov. it dapkerainy 
clouds. 
September ag. —The temperature at sunrise was 32°; Lreennid dark, 
and snow falling steadily and thickly, with a light air from, the southward, 
Profited of being obliged to remain in camp, to take hourly’ barometrical 
observations from sunrise to midnight. The wind at eleven,o’clock setin 
from the northward in heavy gusts, and the snow changed into rain. In 
- ~ the afternoon, when the sky brightened, the rain had washed all the snow 
from the bottoms ; but the neighboring mountains, from summit to foot, were 
dumi inously white——-an,j inauspicious commencement of the gk oy ick of which 
this was Be first day. 
. teat ineaapaoee its eer tect feature ie the w ae line to the 
~ Dalles of the Lower Columbia, resembling a chasm which had been rent 
through the country, and whieh the river had afterwards taken for its bed, 
“The immediate valley of the river is a high plain, covered with black rocks _ 
and artemisias. In the south is a bordering range of mountains, which, | 
although not very high, are broken and covered with Snow ; and at a great 
distance to the north is seen the high, snowy line of the Salmon. var 
ona i front of which stand out proibines 3 in the plain t a 
isolated 
-d-looking little mountains commonly known as the - ee- 
es. tween the river and the distant Salmon river 1 the pl 
resented by Mr. Fitzpatrick as so entirely broken. up and 
ms as to be impracticable fora manevenon foot. Inthe sket 
the o 
country, with the buttes rising out above the*general Jine, 
Nent, the river above is 870 feet wide, immediately contracted at 
eee fs lock, by jutting piles of scoriaceous basalt, over which + 
/presenta grand appearance at the time of high water. 
pleasant, with dew ; andat sunset the tempera- 
vation, the latitude is 42° 47 05", sa on longi- 
v hundred yards below the falls, on the’ left . 
t {rom which were tak 
