56 



EUROPE 



USSR 



1965 FISH MEAL PRODUCTION 

 IS HIGH BUT BELOW NEEDS 



During 1965, the USSR produced 240,000 

 metric tons of fish meal--twice the 1963 

 figure --but still far below the needs of agri- 

 culture and the poultry industry. These are 

 estimated at 500,000 tons. Meal production 

 exceeded the planned quota of 200,000 tons 

 by 20 percent, or even more if the whale 

 meal was not included in the fish meal total. 



To satisfy the growing need for meal prod- 

 ucts, the Soviet 5-Year Plan (1966-1970) 

 provides for a fivefold increase in produc- 

 tion to 1 million metric tons by 1970. Of that 

 total, 80 percent will be produced aboard 

 fishing vessels. 



Although the USSR needs fish meal, she 

 has not imported any. Small traditional ex- 

 ports of about 4,000 tons a year are made to 

 Czechoslovakia and other East European 

 countries. In 1965, about 6,700 tons of meal 

 were exported to Japan from her Pacific 

 fisheries. 



Soviet studies show that the use of fish 

 meal makes good economic sense. One met- 

 ric ton of fish meal added to hog feed in- 

 creases the yield of porkby 700-800 kg.; add- 

 ed to poultry feed, it increases egg produc- 

 tion by 25,000 eggs. It also replaces 3 tons 

 of vegetable feeds. 



In 1963, the Soviets reported to FAO a 

 production of 113,000 tons of fish meal and 

 28,000 tons of whale meal- -compared to 

 40,000 tons of fish meal and 4,000 tons of 

 whale meal in 1958. (Data for 1964 are not 

 yet available.) ( Rybnoe Khoziaistvo , Aug. 

 1966, and other sources.) 



***** 

 DOUBLES EXPORTS TO JAPAN IN 1965 



In 1965, the USSR exported to Japan al- 

 most 18,500 metric tons of fishery products 

 valued at US$3.7 million- -almost twice the 

 1964 figure and 8 times that of 1963; values 

 increased proportionately (table). Fresh and 

 frozen made up the bulk of fishery exports 

 to Japan in 1965 (9,700 tons, or 52 percent) 



followed by fish meal (6,700 tons, or 36 perr 

 cent). Bering Sea shrimp exports also in- 

 creased greatly in 1965 --to 1,600 tons from 

 50 tons in 1964--as did cod roe, herring roe, 

 and shellfish meal. 



Soviet Exports of Fishery Products to Japan, 1963-1964 ] 



Product 



Quantity 



1965 

 Value 



1965 1 1964 1 1963 



Fresh and frozen: 

 Herring 



. . (M 



2,728 



700 



127 



4,463 



1,632 



40 



5tric Tons) . . 



1, 390 790 



1, 138 236 



715 13 



4,539 456 



54 



52 19 



USSl.OOO 1/ 



379 

 611 

 19 

 645 

 332 

 6 



Sea bream 



Other fish 



Other shellfish 2y. . . . 



Total 



9,690 



7,888 



1,514 



1,992 



Salted, dried and smoked: 



214 



49 



6 



1,040 



9 



96 



1 



1,463 

 36 



2 

 642 



103 

 126 



2 

 149 



8 



Cod roe 



Herring roe 



Other roe 



Other fish 



Other shellfish 



Total 



1,318 



1,596 



644 



388 



Canned: 



194 

 3 



181 



108 



212 



Caviar .•.....•• 



Other 



Total . . . . V . . . 



197 



181 



108 



212 



Other products: 



6,734 



527 



5 



5 



352 

 523 



43 

 170 



1,008 

 66 



1 

 3 



Fish meal 



Shellfish meal 



Seaweeds 3/ 



Other4/ 



Total 



7,271 



87S 



213 



1,078 



Grand Total 



18,476 



10,540 



2,479 



3, 670 



iyUS$1.00 equals 360 yen. 



Zyincludes small quantities of live shrimp in 1964 and 1963. 

 3/Includes small quantities of edible seaweeds in 1965 and 1964. 

 4/In 1964, includes some agar-agar, shells, and other products. 

 Source: Trade of lapan, 1963, 1964, and 1965, Japan Tariff 

 Association. 



Japan exports practically no fishery prod- 

 ucts to the Soviet Union. However, the total 

 trade balance in fishery and related products 

 and services favors Japan because her ship- 

 yards build new fishing vessels for the Soviet 

 Union, and repair, overhaul, and otherwise 

 service the Soviet fishing fleet. The total an- 

 nual cost of those export services exceeds 

 considerably the total value of imports of So- 

 viet fishery products. 



Trade is beginning to play a large part in 

 Soviet fishery policies. On one hand, the So- 

 viets are interested in importing Western 

 technical know-how (new vessels, processing 

 machinery, gear, etc.) for which they have to 

 pay in hard currency; this, on the other hand, 

 spurs them to increase their fishery exports, 

 especially to countries which can also pay in 

 hard currencies (Japan for one). 



