78 



TEE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



[July 21, 1888. 



glandulosa, Aubrietia Leichtlini, Campanula abietina, 

 C. Allioni, Chamsebatia foliolosa, Clintonia 

 Andrewsiana, Coronilla iberica, Cypripedium spec- 

 tabile, Delphinium nudicaule, D. cashmirianum X 

 cardinale, Dianthus alpinus, D. gelidus, B. superbus, 

 Dryas Drummondi, Edraianthus pumilio, E. 

 serpyllifolius, Epilobium latifolium, Gentiana pyre- 

 naica, G. Weschuiakowi, Heuchera sanguinea, 

 Ianthe bugulifolia, Linaria origanifolia, Leonto- 

 podiura alpinum, Lychnis viscaria splendens fl.-pl., 

 Lonicera pyrenaica, Myosotis alpestris, Nardostachys 

 Jatamansi, Onosma taurica, Orchis maculata superba, 

 Oxytropis uralensis, Patrinia nudicaulis, Pentstemon 

 Lewisi, Polygonum sphcerostachyum, Ranunculus 

 parnassifolius Saponaria casspitosa, Saxifraga 

 pyramidalis, Scilla peruviana, Vaccinium Mortinia, 

 Vancouveria hexandra, Veronica amplexicaulis, 

 V. anomala, V. Colensoi, V.Hulkeana, V.vernicosa." 



Mr. Bullen communicated extracts from the record 

 of temperature, vegetation, &c, in the Botanic Gar- 

 den, Glasgow, for June, 1888 : — 



" The lowest night temperature recorded during 

 the month was 33° during the night of the 

 4th, the highest 49°, and that only on three 

 nights. The mean day temperature in the shade has 

 been correspondingly low, the highest reading was 

 75° but once only, The readings mostly varied from 

 60° to 65° since the dry weather set in on the 13th. 

 Since then the day readings in the sun have been 

 high, almost equalling those of June last year for 

 intensity. During the latter half of the month 90° 

 to 120° has been frequently registered; but the 

 effect of the sun's heat has been greatly modified by 

 the continuous cold east and north-east winds. 

 Owing to the dry weather, and cold winds, particu- 

 larly at nights both hardy and half-hardy plants are 

 very backward of bloom, and the growth poor on all 

 except the hardiest forms of vegetable life ; even the 

 foliage of our common deciduous trees is small as 

 compared with last year, but fruit is abundant." 



[Accumulated temperature indicates the combined amount and 

 duration of the excess or defect of temperature above or 

 below 32° F. for the period named, and is expressed in Day- 

 degree — a "Day-degree" signifying 1° continued for 

 twenty-four hours, or any other number of degrees for an 

 inversely proportional number of hours.] 



The Weather. 



THE PAST WEEK. 



The following summary record of the weather for 

 the week ending July 16, is furnished from the 

 Meteorological Office : — 



" The weather has again been dull, gloomy, and 

 rainy over nearly the whole kingdom. Slight snow 

 fell in different parts of the country during the 

 early morning of the 11th, and was even observed 

 as far south as the Isle of Wight. Towards the end 

 of the period thunder and lightning were experienced 

 at some of our southern stations. 



" The temperature has continued below the mean in 

 all districts, the deficit being as much as 6° to 8° over 

 the greater part of England, and 4° to 5° over Ireland 

 and Scotland. Soon after the commencement of the 

 week it became abnormally low for the time of year, 

 the maximum reading in London on the 11th and 

 12th not exceeding 54° ; as the week advanced, 

 however, the thermometer rose, and maxima between 

 71° and 74° were prevalent over south-western, 

 southern, and central England. The absolute minima, 

 which were recorded on rather irregular dates, were 

 also very low, ranging from 35° in ' England, S.W.,' 

 and 36° in ' Ireland, S.,' to 40° in ' Scotland, E.,' 

 and ' Ireland, N.,' and 47° in the ' Channel Islands.' 

 At Cullompton the thermometer on the grass fell to 

 31° during the night of the 12th — 13th. and at 

 Strathfield Turgiss to 32°. 



" The rainfall has been less than the mean in 

 Ireland and the extreme north of Scotland, but 

 more in all other districts, especially over the 

 eastern and central parts of Great Britain. 



"Bright sunshine has again been very deficient 

 generally. In ' England, N.E.,' the percentage of the 

 possible amount of duration was only 8, and in most 

 other districts it varied between between 12 and 

 23. In ' England, S.W.,' however, 32 per cent, was 

 recorded, and in the ' Channel Islands ' 52 per cent." 



MEAN TEMPERATURE OBSERVED AT CHISWICK DUR- 

 ING THE WEEK ENDING JULY 28. (AVERAGE OF 

 FORTY-FOUR YEARS.) 





Temperature. 





Above or 

 below the 



Mean for 



the week 



ending 



July 16. 



Accumulated. 



Districts. 



If 

 3* 





|| 

 3 is 



jg Sod 



ll 



Principal Wheat pro- 

 ducing Districts. 





Day- 

 deg. 



Day- 

 deg. 



Day. 

 deg. 



Day- 

 deg. 



0. SCOTLAND, N. ... 



4 below 



62 







— 140 



+ 201 



1. SCOTLAHD, E. ... 



4 below 



80 







— 271 



+ 157 



2. England, N.E. ... 



8 below 



69 







— 315 



+ 73 



3. England, E. 



7 below 



88 







— 253 



+ 154 



4. Midland Cos. ... 



7 below 



83 







— 295 



4- 150 



5. England, S. 



6 below 



95 







— 332 



+ 204 



Principal Grazing, &c, 

 Districts. 













6. Scotland, W. ... 



4 below 



81 







— 202 



+ 107 



7. England, N.W.... 



6 below 



83 







— 238 



4- 117 



8. England, S.W.... 



5 below 



94 







— 293 



+ 254 



9. Ireland, N. 



5 below 



83 







— 193 



4- 67 



10. Ireland, S. 



5 below 



91 







— 172 



+ 113 



— Channel Islands 



5 below 



102 







— 213 



+ 154 





Rainfall. 



Bright 

 Sunshine. 



Districts. 



3*° 



fin 





S 



IP 





Principal Wheat-pro- 

 ducing Districts. 



Tenths of 

 Inch. 





Ins. 







0. Scotland, N. ... 



1 less 



127 



19.9 



36 



31 



1. Scotland, E. ... 



7 more 



110 



16.0 



17 



31 



2. England, N.E. ... 



10 more 



101 



13.3 



8 



26 



3. England, E. ... 



3 more 



:03 



12.3 



13 



28 



4. Midland Cos. ... 



7 more 



94 



12.7 



16 



26 



5 England, S. 



1 more 



96 



13.6 



22 



27 



Principal Grazing, &c. , 

 Districts. 













6. Scotland, W. ... 



4 more 



99 



21.7 



22 



32 



7. England, N.W.... 



6 more 



102 



13.2 



14 



28 



8. England, S.W.... 



2 more 



103 



16.8 



32 



34 



9. Ireland, N. 



2 less 



105 



17.9 



12 



28 



10. Ireland, S. 



4 lees 



96 



19.0 



23 



33 



— Channel Islands 



2 more 



118 



15.4 



52 



38 



July22 ... 



... 63°.4 



July 26 



.. 63°.4 



„ 23 ... 



... 63°.4 



„ 27 



.. 63°.3 



„ 24 ... 



... 63°.4 



„ 28 



.. 63°.3 



„ 25 ... 



... 63°.4 



Mean for the week 



.. 63°.4 



©fottttarg. 



The death of Mr. Charles Pitman some fortnight 

 or so ago, removes from the ranks of the horti- 

 cultural profession a man who in his day filled a 

 unique position. He was for over fifty years the 

 ground or outside foreman to Messrs. Osborn & 

 Son, The Nurseries, Eulham. He was considered in 

 the nursery-trade to be one of the very best men in 

 that capacity, a remarkably good knifeman, and a 

 first-class grower of fruit and ornamental trees and 

 shrubs, and a clever propagator of hardy stock 

 generally. His knowledge of stocks for fruit trees, 

 and their suitability for particular varieties of fruits, 

 was something remarkable. He possessed a great 

 knowledge of the names of rare trees and shrubs, 

 and was held up as a most reliable authority 

 upon such matters. He was also greatly re- 

 spected by all in the nursery trade. Under 

 his management the Fulham nursery was noted 



for the fine collection of fruit and ornamental trees 

 grown there, and it was regarded as a good school for 

 youngsters, and many an outdoor foreman has reason 

 to be grateful for the tuition gained under Charles 

 Pitman. He was pensioned off previous to the 

 breaking up of the firm, and ended his days in quiet 

 at the ripe age of over eighty years. B. D. 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Intelligent Readers, do please Note that letters 

 relating to Advertisements, or to the supply of 

 the Paper, should be addressed to the Publisher, 

 and that all communications intended for publica- 

 tion, as well as specimens and plants for naming, 

 should be addressed to the Editor. Such com- 

 munications should be written on one side only 

 of the paper, and sent as early in the week as pos- 

 sible. Correspondents sending newspapers should 

 be careful to mark the paragraphs they wish the 

 Editor to see. 



Apples : A. H. We cannot name the fruits, send 

 again when in good condition. 



Artificial Manures : G. S. X. Artificial Manures : 

 How to Make, Buy, \Vahie, and Use. By Alfred 

 Sibson, E.C.S. \W. Ridgway, ' 169, . Piccadilly, 

 London, W. Price Is., or less. 



Bougainvillea : W. L. Yes, in the absence of any 

 rule to the contrary. If the plant was grown and 

 flowered in a greenhouse, it is a greenhouse plant. 



Carbolic Acid for Weeds on Walks : C. S. One 

 ounce to one gallon of water. Apply witli a rose 

 watering can. The box or other live edging must 

 be protected. The sea water you purposed using 

 to kill weeds is of no use. 



Correction. — In article on " White Pinks," last 

 week, p. 46, col. c, five lines from bottom, read 

 " fat " for " pink " flowers. 



Deadly Nightshade : W. Bennett. This is Atropa 

 belladonna. Solanum dulcamara — often, but erro- 

 neously, so called — is much less poisonous. 



Flower Holders : Rosa. Messrs. G. Smith & Co., 

 Commercial Road, Pimlico, S.W., are the makers. 



Insects : D. C. A microscopic examination of the 

 Melon stems and leaves has failed in showing 

 any trace of insects. The numerous small patches 

 of white mould all over the leaves seem to be em- 

 bedded in the substance of the plant. W. — W: E. 

 The leaf of Odontoglossum crispum sent exhibits 

 a large number of small dark coloured oval pus- 

 tules, each covered with a thin transparent film 

 like the cover of some small scale insects, but with 

 a high power we could not discover any trace of in- 

 sects. TV. [Look for a further answer next week.] — 

 F. W. Z. Your OnCidium leaves show a number of 

 small elongated brown patches, but no trace of 

 insects of any kind. W. 



Melons : G. P. The roots are affected with the 

 root-worm. Possibly the Torenias are so also, 

 but we cannot find them. 



Mushroom : H., Peckham. A very fine one, 

 measuring 12 inches in the largest diameter across 

 the flat top. 



Names of Plants: A.B. 1, Heuchera Richardsoni ; 

 2, Tussilago fragrans; 3, Heracleum giganteum. 

 — J. K. Populus monilifera : a form of P. cana- 

 densis. — C. H. Cytisus capitatus. — A. O. W. 

 1, Eucalyptus coriacea, easily recognised by 

 the nerves of the leathery leaf being nearly 

 longitudinal — one of the hardiest species ; 3, 

 and 4, E. viminalis, known by the opposite leaves 

 (when young), and by the three-flowered umbels; 

 5, E. coccifera ; 6, probably E. globulus. Ch. 

 Ndn. — Mrs. H. T. Goat's-beard (Tragopogon 

 ' pratensis). — Pontypool. Ranunculus aquatilis. — 

 A. H. The Bee Orchis, Ophrys apifera — not 

 rare in chalk districts, but it is rare to see 

 it in flower so late in jthe year. — H. $ Co. 

 Gynerium saccharoides. — C. W. 8. Asteriscus 

 maritimus. — C. A. L. 5, Veronica teucrium ; 6, 

 Scutellaria violacea? — J. S. W. 1, Veronica 

 officinalis ; 2, Heracleum sphondylium ; 3, Peuce- 

 danuni sativum ; 4, Scutellaria altissima. — Con- 

 stant Beader. 2, Saxifraga arizoon var. recta ; 3, 

 S. Hostii ; 4, S. arizoon. — Bulbtdotis, Leyton. Cyr- 

 tanthus obliquus, Ait. J. G. P. Stanhopea insig- 

 nis — ordinary form. — Hortus. Nigella damascena. 



