Octobee 6, 1888.] 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



379 



stronger ones did the same, and the cause was not 

 far to seek. Except on standards and half-standards, 

 when the wild Brier was used, all Roses, Tea and 

 hybrid perpetual alike, were budded on the Mauetti. 

 Now this stock has many advantages for hybrids on 

 some soils, and for nurserymen it is invaluable ; it 

 is easily worked, and strikes from cuttings most 

 readily, but it has two disadvantages for Teas— it 

 is very strong, full of vigorous sap, and is apt to 

 assert its position rather too much ; moreover, it is 

 very precocious. The sap rises early in the season, 

 pushing the scion into growth, and exposing the 

 shoots to the attacks of those May frosts which are 

 so injurious to the well being'of many things, but 

 especially to that of the Rose. The introduction of 

 the seedling Brier as a stock by Mr. George Prince, of 

 Oxford, and the use of the tree cutting, very warmly 

 advocated by Mr. Ben. Cant, of Colchester, have 

 changed the whole character of Tea Rose growing. 

 We get stocks more suited to the growth of the 

 scion, and which do not push so earlv in spring, and 

 do not expose their foster-children to the rude 

 embraces of King Frost. 



There are, I am aware, districts where the growing 

 of Tea Roses is a difficulty owing to climate, and 

 some of our midland and northern counties are the 

 worst of} in this respect. It does not follow that 

 the further north one goes the greater the diffi- 

 culty there is in growing Teas. Some of the best 

 plants of Teas I have ever seen were some of Messrs. 

 Cocker & Son's, of Aberdeen ; and I have had blooms 

 sent to me by a lady correspondent at Christmas 

 time, from Forres, which bore witness to a fine cli- 

 mate ; while my friend, Mr. A. Hill-Gray, has shown 

 how he could grow Tea Roses in the Perthshire 

 Highlands ; and I have seen in the south-west of 

 Scotland plants which it was impossible to exceed in 

 vigour and beauty ; still I know there are many 

 places where it is a difficult, if not an impossible 

 matter to grow Teas. These are mostly in the 

 north midland counties, which boast of some of the 

 coldest spots in these islands. I would, however 

 say to all who love the Rose, Don't determine you 

 can't grow Teas until you've tried. 



In making a selection of Roses in these days I 

 would first of all bear in mind that the beginner 

 (and I am not writing for experienced growers) 

 requires Roses that will grow. There are so many 

 vigorous growers now-a-days, of all shades of colour, 

 that a good selection of them will give a grower all 

 that he can desire, even when eliminating some, 

 which, although vigorous, are, from some cause or 

 other, not effective ; thus, Riza du Pare, although of 

 a very taking colour, and vigorous in habit, yet has 

 the bad habit of throwing malformed flowers, so that 

 not one in fifty comes as it ought to do. Then'there is 

 Jean Ducher, which, although very beautiful, is a 

 fair-weather Rose, and in wet seasons you will in 

 vain look for a good bloom. Then, again, Marie 

 Guillot, although a very fine Rose, is too difficult to 

 open, and it is of no use beginners worrying them- 

 selves, and reaping disappointment. Let me advise 

 then the following:— Anna Ollivier, a beautifully 

 shaped flower, flesh-coloured, with a deeper tinge at 

 the base; Caroline Kuster, bright lemon-yellow— a 

 very good Rose ; Catharine Mermet, a lovely flesh- 

 coloured Rose, of fine form, and one of the very 

 best. I may add here to it her offspring, The 

 Bride, which is, if possible, more lovelv than 

 her parents, a beautifully pure white. Etoile de 

 Lyon, bright sulphur-yellow, perfect in form and 

 vigorous in habit ; Hon. Edith Gifford, white, slightly 

 tinted with delicate flesh colour, very like our old 

 English Rose Devoniensis, but better in habit, and 

 altogether a most desirable Rose. Madame Cusin, 

 rosy-purple with yellow base ; Madame Lambard! 

 one of the most protean Roses I know— you can 

 never tell what colour it will be, sometimes bright 

 rose, sometimes yellow, and at other times of all 

 shades of the two combined: generally it comes 

 darkest in autumn. Madame de Watteville, very 

 distinct, pale lemon, with distinct^margin of pinkish 

 rose, a great improvement on Homere. Marie van 

 Houtte, probably the most vigorous of all Teas. 



yellowish-white, edges of the petals margined with 

 rose, and a wonderful combination of the two 

 colours. It is very vigorous, very fine, and a 

 grand autumnal bloomer. The petals have not 

 the solidity of some other Teas, and occasion- 

 ally the flowers are loose. Perle des Jardins, very 

 large, full, and well formed, bright straw, passing 

 into deep canary ; Rubens, large flower, white, with 

 yellowish centre ; Souvenir de Paul Neron, beauti- 

 ful white, with a very delicate tinge of rose in the 

 centre ; Souvenir de TheVese Levet, deep rosy-crim- 

 son, the darkest Tea in growth ; Souvenir d'un Ami, 

 salmon and rose ."haded, large and full ; Sunset, an 

 orange-coloured sport from Perle des Jardins. 



For pillar or climbing Roses there are no better 

 Roses than the Noisettes, especially those of the 

 Gloire de Dijon race. " Old Glory " is very fine, but 

 I think some of her progeny even better — Bouquet 

 d'Or, for example, while very vigorous and beautiful 

 in flower, is also better covered with foliage. 

 Madame Berard, a 'deeper shade than Gloire, is 

 also a freer bloomer in autumn. Madame Emilie 

 Dupuy is a pale form of Gloire, while Madame 

 Eugene Verdier, deep chamois-yellow, good in 

 shape, is also a fine autumn bloomer. To these I 

 would add R£ve d'Or, which comes between the Teas 

 and Noisettes, and is a most beautiful flower — a 

 climbing Madame Falcot. These are all good Roses 

 for concealing fences, walls of houses, or training 

 as pillar Roses. Wild Hose. 



Fruit Register. 



PEAR CLAPP'S FAVOURITE. 

 This early Pear, which is of American origin, is 

 not mentioned in the report of the Pear Congress 

 held at Chiswick, as suited to the Southern Counties. 

 That it is a variety for the South of England can be 

 seen in the nurseries of Messrs. J. Cheal & Son, at 

 Crawley. It is of medium size, handsome in shape, 

 rather higher in colour than Louise Bonne of Jersey, 

 and it does well either on the Quince or the Pear 

 stock, growing and cropping freely. It will take a 

 place amongst early market Pears, coming in just 

 before Williams' Bon Chretien. R. D. 



The Wilson Junior Blackberry. 

 There are two long rows of this Blackberry in the 

 gardens of Mrs. Clay, Comyn Hill, Ilfracombe. The 

 rows run north and south, are 4 feet apart, the canes 

 being trained at from 6 to 9 inches apart, to a series 

 of wires strained to stout posts, and are bearing 

 heavy crops of large conical shaped fruits which are 

 nearly three times the size of the ordinary Black- 

 berry, and about three weeks earlier than it in ripen- 

 ing. The fruit of the Wilson Junior possesses a 

 pleasant sub-acid flavour. The soil at Comvn Hill 

 is yellow loam, from 12 to 15 inches deep, the situa- 

 tion high, and the air bracing. The combined effect 

 of these favourable conditions is very marked, 

 not only in the subject of this communication, but 

 especially so in the growth of shrubs, flowering and 

 otherwise, in the gardens at Comyn Hill, the keep 

 of which reflects credit on Mr. JohnDodds, the head 

 gardener there. 



Diamond Phtm. 



This is a good grower, and a very free-bearing kitchen 

 Plum. The fruit, of a rich dark purple colour, is large, 

 globular, and handsome. In ordinary seasons it 

 ripens early in September, but this exceptionally 

 wet and cold season it is, like all other kinds and 

 varieties of fruits, a couple of weeks later than 

 usual in ripening. This excellent variety should be 

 included in every collection of Plums. 



Columbia and Apricot Plums. 

 Considering the excellent quality of these two 

 golden round Plums, the wonder is that they are not 

 more extensively grown than they appear to be. 

 During ordinarily warm summers they ripen by the 

 end of August. The fruit attains to a good size, is 



very juicy, and of excellent flavour. The trees, too, 

 are good growers and pretty free bearers. 



Victoria and Pond's Seedling Plums. 

 These red egg-shaped Plums are two of the 

 surest croppers and best all-round kitchen Plums 

 that I am acquainted with. During the last seven- 

 teen years I have not known them to miss bearing a 

 heavy crop of fruit. From two to half-a-dozen trees 

 each of the above-named varieties, according to cir- 

 cumstances, should be in every collection of Plums. 

 They are both capital varieties for bottling in syrup 

 for use during the winter months. The trees, too, 

 are of good constitution, and, owing to the immense 

 crops of fruit which they annually bear, they make a 

 short-jointed growth every year. H. W. Ward. 



THE COPENHAGEN FUNGUS 

 EXHIBITION, 1888. 



" Do the Copenhagen Exhibition " is an easy 

 enough command to be issued from the editorial 

 sanctum, but the special mycological correspondent 

 of the Gardeners' Chronicle had many misgivings 

 before he put pen to paper to write an account of the 

 Danish fungus show of 1888. He did the Paris 

 show last year, and got into terrible hot water for his 

 pains. He had then the audacity to suppose it 

 possible for the French mycologists to be able to 

 correct certain errors into which their English 

 colleagues had fallen ; but, alas ! how wrong he was ! 

 The fierce storm of criticism which fell upon his 

 devoted head was something never to be for- 

 gotten. He would at once take leave, therefore, 

 to say, that " We English know everything that there 

 is to know about fungi," but to add, sotto voce, "at 

 least, some of us think we do." Some of our 

 British mycologists have never been really happy 

 since the account of the Paris show appeared in the 

 columns of the Gardeners' Chronicle twelve months 

 ajo. They have during the past year spent their 

 days in striving to make our Agaricus russula into 

 two species, and their nights in terror lest Russula 

 delica should, after all, have a tinge of green on its 

 gills. 



How the Editor of the Gardeners' Chronicle should 

 have known that a fungus exhibition was to be held 

 this year in Copenhagen is one of those inscrutable 

 mysteries which can never be solved [We dissent, 

 Ed.] ; but the fact is, that his special correspondent 

 found himself in the capital of Denmark in due 

 course, with his battered vasculum in one hand and 

 his portmanteau in the other. On his arrival the 

 first thing which perplexed him was that there were 

 two exhibitions going on simultaneously — a minor 

 one, known only to the general public as the " Den 

 nordiske Industri-, Landbrugs- og kunstudstilling," 

 and the important one of fungi at the Botanic Gardens. 

 The latter began by an excursion on Sunday, Sep- 

 tember 23, under the direction of Dr. E. Rostrup, to 

 Gelskov. The party had a pleasant day, returning 

 in the afternoon laden with spoil for the exhibition. 

 Their finds included, inter alia, Peziza bulbosa, A. 

 ramentaceus, and Clavaria pistillaris. 



On Monday morning a start was made at 8 a.m. 

 for the grand Beech woods at Frederiksdal ; the 

 party included a Swedish botanist from Upsala, and 

 a small Dane, who carried two immense baskets. 

 The latter were in due time filled to overflowing. 

 The species collected included fine specimens of 

 Strobilomyces strobilaceus, Lactarius pirgamenu?, 

 Clavaria botrytis, Boletus felleus, Phallus caninus, 

 and Peziza succosa. Under some Spruce Fir were 

 found Marasmius perforans, Hygrophorus agathos- 

 mus, and Thelephora palmata. An exceedingly beau- 

 tiful Polyporus was found on a stump ; to the 

 writer it recalled the P. croceus he saw at Paris 

 last year, but as a portion was sent to Dr. Rob?rt 

 Fries, of Gottenburg, we shall, in due course, authori- 

 tatively know its name (Dr. Fries has since reported 

 it to be P. croceus). Not a single specimen of 

 Paxillus involutus was seen all day, but thousands 

 of P. atro-tomentosus were observed ; this will show 

 how the fungus-flora of the two countries, Denmark 

 and England, differs. 



