514 



THE GARDENERS' CHR ONI CLE. 



[Novejlber 3, 1888. 



Bentham and Hooker — thirty-eight species, and is 

 distributed widely throughout all tropical regions. 

 Several species afford valuable products, for instance, 

 C. coriaria, the pods of which are imported from the 

 West Indies and South America for tanning pur- 

 poses ; others yield dye stuffs. The slate-coloured 

 seeds of C. Bonducella are largely made into brace- 

 lets, necklets, rosaries, &c. This species is a common 

 climber on tropical shores, and in the Kew Museum 

 are exhibited seeds that have been washed up on the 

 shores of Kaffraria, Tristan d'Acunba, and St. 

 Helena; they are also occasionally washed up on the 

 Irish, Scotch, and Norwegian coasts. 



The sub-order Csesalpiniaj, with its seventy-six 

 genera and about 500 species, is only represented in 

 British arboreta by the genus Cscsalpinia, the Honey 

 Locust (Gleditschia), St. John's Bread (Ceratonia), 

 and the Judas tree (Cercis). 6r. Nicholson. 



Roses. 



HOSES FOR WALLS AND PILLARS. 



There is no more delightful purpose to which 

 Roses can be put than that of covering walls and 

 houses, or training them to pillars; and for this 

 purpose Roses of a rampant habit of growth, which 

 are most frequently called climbing Roses, are 

 used. The term climbing is a misnomer, for they do 

 not cling to anything unless by artificial means ; they 

 have no tendrils like the Vine, no small roots to 

 fasten on the wall as they climb, like the Ivy or 

 Ampelopsis, and must be carefully tended in order 

 to get them to cover the required space ; but if the 

 Rose does so it is a joy — I do not say for ever, but for 

 a long time. My own house has its north side 

 covered with climbing Devonensis, which is made 

 doubly lovely with the vigorous shoots of a Wistaria, 

 Belle Lyonnaise, which, like its parent, Gloire de 

 Dijon, is somewhat straggling ; and Longworth 

 Rambler, a dark red hybrid Tea, with close 

 foliage completely covering the wall, and quite 

 a brillant object when in its fall flush of 

 flower ; and on the east side I have Madame 

 Berard, another straggling grower, and my grand 

 plant of Reve d'Or which was cut to the ground in 

 1880 and 1881, but is now fast re-occupying the 

 place it was obliged to vacate. On the front of the 

 house facing west I have a plant of Madame Trifle, 

 and one of a white summer-flowering Rose which I 

 found here twenty years ago ; while I have a few as 

 pillar Roses in the garden itself. 



The Roses suitable for these purposes may be 

 roughly divided into two classes — the summer and 

 autumnal flowering ones ; the latter are those — 

 unless where there is an abundance of room to grow 

 everything — that I should prefer, and advise others 

 to grow. By autumnal flowering is simply meant 

 that they will give blooms at intervals after the 

 first great bloom is over, in the same way as the 

 hybrid perpetuals and Teas do ; in fact, many of 

 them are, as we know, what are called climbing 

 varieties of well known sorts : while the Noisette 

 Roses seem peculiarly adapted for these purposes. 



Amongst Noisettes, Marccbal Niel would hold a 

 very high place, but for the habit of banging its head 

 down, and I have never yet seen it satisfactory in 

 this position. The outside petals become dis- 

 coloured, and the whole plant has a faded appear- 

 ance. Of course, when you gather the flowers they 

 are intensely beautiful — I only mean as a wall or 

 pillar Rose. There was one on a cottage not far 

 from this, and although it bloomed for some years 

 most vigorously, yet at a distance it had the appear- 

 ance of decay. The very first of the Noisettes for 

 this purpose is one[wbich, unfortunately, is too tender 

 for general culture — I mean Cloth of Gold or Chro- 

 matella. I have often delighted in one which used 

 to flourish on the front of ajhouse in this parish where 

 it held up its magnificent goblets, not so deep in 

 colour as the Marechal Niel, but with a short foot- 

 stalk and with petals of great substance ; while those 

 who have seen it in the South of France or in warm 



climes can never use superlatives enough in speaking 

 of it. It will not, however, give much satisfaction 

 out-of-doors in this country except in some very 

 favoured spots. 



The Gloire de Dijon race contributes some of the 

 very best of the Roses suitable for this purpose. 

 Gloire itself is a normal favourite, and since the 

 day when it appeared as a stray seedling in Jacotot's 

 garden walk at Dijon, has run a very successful 

 course, and people who do not know any other Rose 

 are safe when they talk of Gloire de Dijon. It will 

 grow anywhere, and is an universal favourite, except 

 in the exhibition box, where it generally manages to 

 open too much, and spoil the appearance of the stand. 

 Madame Berard is a beautiful daughter of this Rose, 

 somewhat lighter in colour, but especially valuable 

 for its autumnal blooming, in which respect it 

 exceeds its parent. Bouquet d'Or is another Rose of 

 this race, which differs somewhat from the two 

 previously named in that its foliage is more dense 

 and its growth not so straggling ; Belle Lyonnaise 

 has the straggling propensities of its parent, but is 

 richer in colour, having, however, a very unfortunate 

 propensity of coming into quartered or cleft flowers, 

 which detracts from the beauty of their appearance. 

 I think, however, as far as 1 have been able to judge, 

 that the deepest-coloured, and freest autumnal bloomer 

 of this race is Madame Eugene Verdier, good shape, 

 very rich in colour, and a decided autumn bloomer, 

 I gathered one the other day of the most intense 

 yellow. Madame Emile Dupuy is another of this 

 type which has been a good deal overlooked ; it is of 

 a pale fawn, the form good, and the foliage ample ; 

 it is, I think, one of the best of the pale-coloured 

 Roses of this section. 



There are two new flowers in this class, of which 

 I have heard a good deal, but cannot say anything 

 from personal knowledge ; to one there attaches a 

 melancholy interest, as it (Henriette de Beauveau) is 

 the last Rose sent out by old Lacharme ; it is said 

 to be of a bright yellow colour, very free, of good 

 form, and in all respects a desirable Rose ; the other 

 is, if its classification be correct — that is, if it is to 

 be counted amongst the Dijon race — quite a new 

 break as far as colour is concerned, for Souvenir de 

 Madame Metral is described as bright cherry-red 

 with darker shading, of good form, large size, dis- 

 tinct and good. This sounds well, but it will have to be 

 seen whether it is really a pure Noisette of the Dijon 

 race, or whether there is not some mixture of 

 other races whicli wonldjnake it — like Reine Marie 

 Henriette or Cheshunt Hybrid — a hybrid Tea. 

 There is, indeed, amongst these so-called climbing 

 Roses the same perplexity that exists in the non- 

 climbers ; for example, that most useful Rose, 

 Reve d'Or, to which class is it to be assigned ? It is 

 generally placed among the Noisettes ; but it is very 

 much en rapport with the Teas. The Noisette Roses 

 are supposed to bloom in clusters, and so Rove d'Or 

 does at times ; but it just as often sends out a single 

 bloom, while it is oftentimes stated to be best desig- 

 nated a climbing Madame Ealcot, and that Rose is 

 unquestionably a pure Tea. Before leaving the class 

 of Dijon Teas, I may say that in a favourable autumn 

 all those mentioned are giving nice blooms, which 

 would be better, but that we have very dense mist in 

 the. mornings, which, settling on the buds, prevents 

 them from opening as they shouldjdo, especially as 

 the air is perfectly still, without a breath of wind to 

 blow the damp off. But St. Luke has been true to his 

 word this year, and his "little summer" has been a 

 great boon after the inclement season we have had. 

 Wild Rose. 



(To be coiitintied.) 



Rose Marguerite de St. Amand. 



Let this be noted as a beautiful autumnal Rose. 

 A piece of dwarf plants of this variety might have been 

 seen recently in the Koyal Nursery, at Slough, flower- 

 ing freely ; and with a very pleasant and soft shade of 

 pink. The freedom with which it was blooming 

 nearly at the close of September, was something 

 remarkable. It is a delightful Rose, well worth 

 planting for its autumn-blooming, B. D. 



Colonial and Foreign. 



SAHARANPTJR AND MUSSOORIE. 



The report of the Government Botanical Gardens 

 for the year ending March, 1888, is before us, from 

 which we see that the cultivation and distribution 

 of Date Palms and Oranges, both matters of much 

 importance to this part of India, is being vigorously 

 prosecuted. 



Mr. W. Gollan is now the Superintendent of the 

 Government Botanical Gardens of the North-west 

 Provinces, Mr. Duthie having been appointed to the 

 superintendency of the Botauical Department for 

 Northern India. 



Fruit in New South Wales. 

 Last week we had the pleasure of tasting some 

 deliciously flavoured Grapes and Apples from the 

 famous Calrossy Garden at Tamworth. At this 

 season of the year it is quite astonishing to see well- 

 preserved Grapes, and Mr. J. Patterson is the only 

 gentleman we know who takes the trouble to have 

 Grapes almost all the year round. The Apples were 

 of different varieties, and we must admit that at no 

 time have we seen such a choice collection of Apples 

 as those we saw last week from Calrossy. A nice, 

 large, waxen-like Apple with blush cheeks was a 

 seedling, which Mr. Patterson has named Home 

 Rule, while the other varieties were what we feel 

 sure would be profitable for exportation, and in 

 England would bring high prices. Some Australian 

 Apples lately sold in England brought from 2d. to 

 Is. id. each wholesale, and Pears brought as high as 

 2s. 6d. each, or £5 the case. What will any fruit 

 growers say to these facts ? The Hunter River can 

 produce excellent fruits in abundance, and we think 

 that our gardeners would do well to consider the 

 advisableness of sending to England some of the 

 productions of their gardens, in preference to selling 

 all their produce here and then complaining of the 

 low prices. We shall not be surprised to learn that 

 Mr. Patterson is the first Northerner to try the ex- 

 periment of exportation, and we hope that others 

 will think the matter over, for we feel sure that a 

 good trade could be established in sending fruits to 

 the mother country. Maitland Mercury, July 17. 



Home Correspondence. 



PINK LORD LYONS.— I quite agree with "R. D." 

 (p. 474) that this Pink deserves to be widely known, 

 and also that it is the best of its colour. Having 

 been successful in propagating this and other varie- 

 ties of Pinks without bottom-heat, my method may 

 be of use to others who may be desirous of increas- 

 ing their stock. About the last week in June I put 

 the cuttings in a bed of sandy soil ; this I surround 

 with a plain flat frame (four 0-inch boards nailed at 

 the corners), then close down with an ordinary light, 

 and keep it close and shaded with calico for about 

 three weeks ; and then inure the plants, now rooted, 

 to air and light. About 80 per cent form roots, and 

 make plants, which are strong enough for plant- 

 ing out early in October, or in April, as may be 

 desired. S. J. S. 



THE GREAT CHISWICK VINERY.— It was a very 

 fortunate circumstance that the Apple-Exhibition 

 at Chiswick, held in this really grand building, 

 should have had overhead the accompaniment of 

 literally thousands of bunches of fine and richly- 

 coloured Grapes. The Hampton Court and Cum- 

 berland Lodge Vines may be remarkable for the 

 dimensions of each, but the houses they cover are 

 insignificant, after all, as spectacles, compared with 

 the lofty expanse of the Vine-covered roof the great 

 house at Chiswick. Considering how old the Vines 

 are which furnish this huge house, it is a matter for 

 surprise that bunches and berries should be so large, 

 and should so admirably colour and ripen. It is 

 calculated that the house has produced this year 

 some 2 tons of Grapes ; that is, of course, an enor- 

 mous bulk, although not at all excessive, for the 

 wondrous roof area. Some considerable allowance 

 also has to be made for the varieties planted in the 



