December 1, 1888.] 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



645 



The Weather. 



[Accumulated temperature iudicates the combined amount and 

 duration of the excess or defect of temperature above or 

 below 32° F. for the period named, and is expressed in Day- 

 degree — a "Day-degree" signifying 1° continued for 

 twenty-four hours, or any other number of degrees for an 

 inversely proportional number of hours.] 



Temperature. 



Accumulated. 











Ss . 



j) • 





Above or 











Districts. 



below the 













Mean for 







a - ■ 







the week 

 ending 



su 



k 



%\* 



Ilk 





No/. 26. 



i* 



B* 





if 



5* 



Principal Wheat pro- 





Day- 



Day- 



Day- 



Dav- 



ducing Districts. 





deg. 



deg. 



deg. 



deg. 



0. Scotland, N. ... 



2 above 



12 



26 



— 226 



+ 180 



1. Scotland, E. ... 



5 above 



30 



14 



- 417 



+ 93 



2. England, N.E. ... 



7 above 



31 







- 471 



+ 27 



3. England, E. 



S above 



13 







— 342 



+ 153 



4. Midland Cos. ... 



3 above 



41 







— lis 



+ 13ii 



5. England, S. 



S above 



M 







— 409 



+ 159 



Principal Grazing, &c, 













Districts. 













6. Scotland, W. ... 



5 above 



29 



3 



- 332 



+ 1'S 



7. EaVGLand, N.W.... 



6 above 



43 



" 



— 336 



+ 87 



8. England, S.W.... 



6 above 



48 







— 449 



+ 211 



9. Ireland, N. 



5 above 



32 







— 23S 



+ 7 



10. Ireland, S. 



5 above 



45 







— 218 



+ 77 



— Channel Islands 



6 above 



71 







- 272 



+ 153 





Rainfall. 



Bright 



Sunshine. 



Districts. 



a 



i 



Ora" 

 ■"■a 



d 



S5 



o'-s 



o 

 Si 





Principal Wheat-pro- 

 ducing Districts. 



Tenths of 

 Inch. 





Ins. 







0. Scotland, N. ... 



8 more 



217 



40.5 



5 



27 



1. Scotland, E. ... 



9 more 



189 



27.8 



19 



29 



2. England, N.E. ... 



4 less 



169 



21.0 



21 



26 



3. England, E. ... 



1 less 



171 



23.0 



16 



29 



4. Midland Cos. ... 



2 more 



158 



23.9 



19 



27 



i England, S. 



(aver.) 



165 



25.7 



13 



26 



Principal Grazing, &c, 

 Districts. 













6. Scotland, W. ... 



10 more 



178 



40.0 



8 



3n 



7. England.N.W.... 



7 more 



180 



2S.2 



8 



28 



8. England, S.W.... 



2 more 



185 



33.7 



17 



33 



9. Ireland, N. 



4 more 



191 



33.6 



14 



27 



10. Ireland, S. 



(aver.) 



172 



33.0 



12 



32 



— Channel Islands 



4 less 



202 



28.0 



20 



39 



THE PAST WEEK. 



The following summary record of the weather for 

 the week ending Nov. 26, is furnished from the 

 Meteorological Office : — 



" The weather has continued in a very unsettled 

 and rough conditiion in all parts of the kingdom. 

 Extremely heavy rain has fallen over the greater 

 part of Scotland, and considerable quantities at most 

 of the English and Irish stations, but in the eastern 

 parts of England the rainfall has been comparatively 

 slight. Thunder and lightning occurred at some of 

 the Irish stations on the 20th, and lightning was very 

 prevalent over the south of England at the close of 

 the period. 



" The temperature has again been above the mean. 

 Over England the excess has been as much as 6° 

 to 8°, and in Ireland 5° ; but in Scotland (where 

 the thermometer was at times low) the excess varied 

 between 2° and 5°. The highest of the maxima, 

 which were recorded on rather irregular dates, ranged 



from 50° to 59°. The lowest of the minima were 

 generally registered either at the beginning or end 

 of the period, when temperature fell to between 

 2G° and 33° over Scotland, 30 J and 32' in Ireland, 

 and between 30° and 3U C over England. In the 

 ' Channel Islands ' the lowest reading was 45°. 



" The rainfall has been less than the mean in the 

 east and north-east of England and in the ' Channel 

 Islands,' and about equal to it in the southern parts 

 of England and Ireland ; but in all other districts it 

 has been more than its normal value, especially over 

 Scotland. At Glencarron the fall during the 21st 

 was as much as 380 inches, and the total fall for the 

 five days ending on the 24th was 716 inches. 



"Bright sunshine has again been very deficient in 

 all places. The percentage of the possible amount 

 of duration ranged from 5 in ' Scotland, N.,' and 8 in 

 ' England, N.W.,' and ' Scotland, W.,' to 20 in the 

 ' Channel Islands,' and 21 in ' England. N.E.' " 



MEAN TEMPERATURE OBSERVED AT CHISWICK DUR- 

 ING THE WEEK ENDING IlEC. B, (AVERAGE OF 

 FORTY-FOUR YEARS.) 



Deo. 2 ... 



41°.3 



Dec. 6 ... 





.. 41°.2 



„ 3 ... 

 „ 4 ... 



41°.3 



41°.3 



,, 8 ... 





.. 41°. 1 

 .. 41°.0 



.. 5 ... 



4i°.a 



Mean lor the w 



eek 



.. 41-.-' 



Markets. 



COVENT GARDEN, November 29. 



Prices remain the same as last week, Grapes alone 

 improving. James Webber, "Wholesale Apple Market. 

 Fruit.— Average Wholesale Prices. 



Apples, half-sieve ... 2 0- 4 6 

 — Canada and Nova 



Scotia, per barrellO 0-1? 

 Cobs, 100 lb.... 100 0- ... 



Grapes, per lb. ... 6- :t 



Lemons, per case ...12 0-21 

 Peaches, dozen ... 2 O- 6 

 Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 16-^0 

 — St. Michael, each 2 0- 8 



Vegetables.— Average Retail Prices. 



s. d. s. d. s. d. s, d. 



Mustard and Cress, 



punnet 4- ... 



Onions, per bunch ... 5- ... 

 16-20 Parsley, per bunch... 4- ... 



Beet, red, per dozen 

 Carrots, per bunch... 

 Cauliflowers, each ... 

 Celery, per bundle ... 

 Cucumbers, each ... 

 Eudive, per dozen ... 

 GreenMint, bunch... 

 Herbs, per bunch ... 

 Leeks, per bunch ... 

 Lettuce, per dozen... 

 Mushrooms, punnet 



9- ... Potatos, per cwt. 

 ! 0- ... „ kidney, perewt. 4 U-50 



Shallots, per lb. ... 6- ... 

 Spinach, per bushel... 2 6- ... 

 Tomatos, per lb. ... 1 0- ... 

 Turnips, per bunch, 



new 5- ... 



'Hebron, 70s. to 80s. ; rmpexatore, 65*. to 

 .s, 80s. to 90s. per ton. Trade very bad. 



Plants ix Pots.— Average Wholesale Prices. 



Aralia Sieboldi, doz. 6 

 C'hrysanthems., doz. 4 



— large plants, each 2 

 Coleus, dozen ... 2 

 Cy per us, per dozen . 4 

 l>raeaena terminalis, 



per dozen 30 



— viridis, per doz. 12 

 Erica hynialis, doz. ..12 



— caffra, dozen ... 6 



— gracilis, dozen... 8 

 Euonymus, in var., 



per dozen 6 



Evergreens, in var., 

 per dozen 6 



d. s. d. 

 0-18 



0-9 



0-4 



0-4 



0-12 



0-60 



0-24 



0-24 



0-12 



0-12 



0-18 



0-24 



s.d.s.d. 

 Ferns, in var., doz. 4 0-18 

 Foliage plants, vari- 

 ous, each 2 0-10 



Ficus elastica. each .16-70 

 Fuchsias, doz. ... 3 0-60 



Hyacinths, Soman, 



dozen pots 10 0-12 



Liliums, var., doz. ...18 0-30 

 Marguerites, doz. ... 6 0-12 

 Palms in var., each 2 6-21 

 Pelargoniums, sear- 

 let, per dozen ... 4 0- 9 

 Poinsettias, dozen ... 9 0-15 

 Primulas, per dozen 4 0-00 

 Solanums, dozen ... 9 0-15 

 Tulips, dozen pots ... 8 0-10 



Cut Flowers, 



Abutillons, 12 bun.... 

 Azaleas, 12 sprays ... 

 Bouvardias, per bun. 

 Camellias, 12 blms. 

 Carnations, 12 blms. 

 Chrysanthemums, 



12 blooms 



— dozen bunches... 

 Eucharis, per dozen 

 Gardenias. 12 blooms 

 Heliotropes, 12 spr. 

 Hyacinths, Roman, 



12 sprays 



Lapageria, 12 blooms 

 Lilac, white Fr.,bun. 

 Marguerites, 12 bun. 



—Average Wholesale Prices. 

 s.d.s. d. s.d. i 



3 0-60 Mignonette, 12 bun, 2 0- 

 9-10 Nan' is., paper-white, 

 6-10 (French), 12 bun... 3 0- 



3 0-40 Pelargoniums, 12 apr. 1 0- 



2 0-30 — scarlet, 12 spr.... 4 0- 



Primulas, double, 12 

 6-30 sprays 1 0- 



4 0-12 Roses, Tea, per doz. 1 0- 



3 0-60 — coloured, dozen. 2 0- 



4 0-60 — red, per dozen ... 1 0- 

 6-10 — Safrano, dozen... 1 0- 



Stephanotis, 12 spr. 6 0- 

 10-16 Tuberoses. 12 blms.... O 9- 

 10-20 Violets, 12 bunches... 1 0- 



5 0-70 — dark, Fr., bunch 1 6 ■ 

 3 0- 6 i — Parme. Fr., bun. 3 6- 



PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. — Stephens' Book of 

 the Farm: Div. 1., new edtion, by J. Macdonahl 

 i Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood & Sons). — 

 'The Practice of Forestry, by C. Y. Michie (Edinburgh 

 and London : W. Blackwood & Sons). — -Tkc Hose 

 Garden, Oth Edition, by W. Taul, F.L.S. (London; 

 Kent & Co.). 



Notices to Correspondents. 



n* Table Plants at Flower Shows. — We have 

 received several letters from indignant and 

 injured exhibitors concerning the awards made 

 by judges at various shows this season, which 

 we cannot find space for in our columns, nor 

 is it desirable, in the interests of those 

 most nearly concerned. We do not doubt but 

 that much ill feeling amongst exhibitors of 

 these plants would be spared them if the framers 

 of schedules would define in clear terms what 

 is intended by " table plants." 



Americas Firms: //. C. (Brussels). We cannot re- 

 commend firms in the way you require, neither 

 can we say in which town a young gardener would 

 best succeed, but should think New York the most 

 unlikely. You had better communicate with some- 

 one in the United States. 



Artificial Manures : Killernan. Phosphate of 

 magnesia, nitrate of soda, phosphate of lime. 

 Prices can be obtained from any wholesale dealer 

 in the manures. 



Books: H. J. van Heyst. Greenhouse and Store 

 Plants, by T. Baines, is published by John Murray, 

 Albermarle Street, London. Its price we do not 

 know. — Constant Header. Get Botanical Names for 

 English Headers, by K, H. Alcock (London : L. 

 Peeve & Co., Henrietta Street, Covent Garden). — 

 W. A r . Craig. Insect iceroits Plants, by C. Darwin 

 (London: J. Murray), is the book you should 

 procure. 



Crushed Bones: Amateur. The proportion in a soil 

 poor in lime may be about 1 to 32, say 1 bushel to 

 1 cubic yard. Your Vine border at 2 feet by 

 1 square rod area will contain 20 cubic yards. 



CrPRiPEDiuM : J. S. The twin flower is merely a 

 sign of great vigour in the plant. 



Eucharis amazonica : J. N, The warmth of your 

 eariy Peach-house will not be high enough at the 

 beginning to start these plants into bloom, but at 

 a later date— say, after the fruits are set on the 

 trees, and the sun's warmth has increased, and the 

 Eucharis plants be plunged in the hotbed of leaves 

 — it would doubtless bring out the flowers, provided 

 a long period of rest has been afforded the plants. 

 We may state for your information that some 

 growers never remove their plants from the house 

 they flower in to a cooler one to rest them, but 

 simply give an enforced rest by withholding root 

 waterings, meanwhile maintaining the daily syringe 

 bath. 



Galvanised Wire and Climbers : •/. T. S. Plants 

 certainly get injured by galvanised wire, but the 

 danger of employing it for trellis-work is avoided 

 by giving it two or three coats of paint before 

 lastening the plants to it. Thin wire for covering 

 walls on which fruit trees, &c, are to be trained 

 should be of soft ungalvanised iron, which is much 

 less brittle than the galvanised kind, and with 

 ordinary care it will last unpaiuted for ten years 

 or more. 



Gas-stove: Grape and Fruit- room : G. F. The 

 Grapes decay either by reason of their being im- 

 mature when cut, or because the temperature is too 

 low, and the air heavy and damp. Make it warmer 

 (45°) and drier by ventilation, drainage, &c. A 

 gas-stove is not wanted in a room properly con- 

 structed. It should be kept cool and dark for 

 Apples ; for Pears, a degree or two more of 

 warmth may be allowed. All fruit-rooms need 

 ventilation when moisture is found to condense 

 heavily on the fruit, and this should be given in 

 dry weather, never when it is rainy or foggy. 



Grapes : A Subscriber. From your information we 

 should think the border requires to be renewed, 

 but your letter does not contain enough particulars 

 as to treatment for us to form a correct opinion. 



Names of Fruit : J. T. P. Your Pear is Doyenne 

 Boussoch. — A. B. 1, Apple Kerry Pippin ; 2, 

 Eve, or Trumpington ; 3, Kosemary Russet ; 4, 

 Lincolnshire Holland Pippin ; 6, Pear Comte de 

 Lamy. — ./. W. 1, Glou Morceau ; 2, Beurre 

 d'Aremberg ; 3, Suffolk Thorn ; 4, Broom Park ; 

 5, Doyenne du Cornice ; 6, London Pippin. — W. 

 Warren. Your Apple is unknown and worthless. 

 — W. Haig. l.^Comte de Paris; 2, BeurrcS Diel ; 

 3, Hacou's Incomparable ; 4, Beurr<5 Sterckmans ; 

 5, Beurr6 de Capiaumont; 0, Beurr£ Bosc. — G. 



