52 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



smaller intermediate ones, or sometimes 6 to 20 teetli, or merely 

 crenate at the margins ; teeth often epinous-pointed. Corolla 

 bilabiate ; tube rather short ; upper lip erect, oblong, slightly vaulted, 

 notched at the apex, often longer than the lower lip; lower lip 

 spreadmg, 3-cleft, the middle lobe notched. Stamens 4 ; filaments sub- 

 parallel under the upper lip of the corolla ; anthers approximate in 

 pairs ; cells diverging in a nearly straight line, distmct, each cell open- 

 ing by a separate longitudinal cleft. Nucules rounded at the apex. 



Herbs with rugose leaves, often cordate at the base, entire or crenate. 

 Bracts similar to the leaves. Verticillasters usually many-flowered, 

 often with spinelike bracteoles. 



The name of this genus is derived from a Greek word, ftaWui (hallo), tlirown 

 away, worthless. 



SPECIES I.— BALLOT A NIGRA. Linn. 

 Plate MLXV. MLXVI. 



Leaves roundish-ovate or rhombic-ovate, crenate-serrate or doubly 

 crenate-serrate or serrate. Bracteoles long, soft, linear-subulate. Calyx 

 slightly enlarging in fruit, the limb with 5 equal ovate or lanceolate, 

 spinous-mucronate or spinous teeth. Corolla tube scarcely exceeding 

 the calyx. Plant more or less pubescent. 



Var. a,faHida. Koch. 



Plate MLXV. 



Belch. Ic. Fl. Germ. et. Helv. Vol. XVIII. Tab, MCCXVlil. Figs. 1 & 2. 



BlUof, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 2900. 



B. foetida, Lam. Fries, Nov. Fl. Suec. ed. ii. p. 195. Bah. Man. Brit. Bot. ed. v. 



p. 262. Gren. & Godr. Fl. dc Fr. Vol. II. p. 695. 

 B. nigra, Sm. Eng. Bot. No. 635. 



Calyx-teeth ovate or roundish-ovate, cuspidate or abruj^tly acumi- 

 nated into short spinous teeth, or merely with mucronate points. 



Var. 3, rnderalis. Koch. 



Plate MLXVI. 



Beich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XVIII. Tab. MCCXVIII. Fig. 134. 

 B. ruderalis, ' SwensJc ;' Fries. Fl. Hall. p. 101. and Nov. Fl. Suec. ed. ii. p. 194. 

 Bab. Man. Brit. Bot. p. 2G2. 



Calyx-teeth lanceolate, gradually acuminated into long s^^inous 

 teeth. 



In waste places and hedge-banks. Common, and generally distributed 

 in England. Scarce in Scotland, and not extendins north of the shores 



