UoliAOINACE.T:. Ill 



Tn till' south of Frnncc ami in sdiiir |>aft.M of Germany, where it is common, tlie yonnfj 

 leaves are caU>n as a ffreeii vcgetnhlo. TJio roots, wliieh eontain a larj^o amount of 

 mueihifre, yiehl, by boilinjj in water, a demulcent liiiulil which is sometimes adminis- 

 tered on the Continent. A preen and red colourinj? matter is also made from tho 

 roots for tinting, lip salve, and otiier thinfjs. Its chief use is in giving a fine crimson 

 colour to oils used in perfumery and in dyeing wood in imitation of rosewood. For 

 this purpose tho colour is sepanited by soaking tho root in oil, and the wood is rubl)ed 

 with the coloured oil until it is i-endered sufllciently dark. Alwut eight to ten tons 

 of tho rt)ot are annually imported chiefly from Franco and Germany. At one time it 

 was gravely n.sserted and bi^lieved tiiat if a man chewed a j)ieco of this root and spat 

 it into tho moutli of a viper, it would certainly kill tho reptile; but tlie presumption 

 seems to resemble that wiiich bids n child to catch a bird by putting salt on its tail. 

 We find our old friend Gerard writing of a composition "called Saiitjuis Viticrix, 

 which is most singular in deep punctures or wounds made with thrusts." Ho adds, 

 " tho gentlewomen of France do paint their faces with these roots, as it is said." 



Sub-Genus III.— CARYOLOPHA. Fisch. and Tmut. 



Tube of the corolla shorter than the width of the limb, straight. 

 Limb regular. Nucules with the ring at the base prolonged into an 

 a[H)endagc on the inner side. 



SPECIES III.-ANCHUS A SE M P E RVIRE NS. L!nn. 

 Platk MCXIII. 



neich. Ic. Fl. Germ, ct Helv. Vol. XVIII. Tab. MCCVI. 



Caryolopha sempervirens, Fisch. and Tratil. A. D.C. in D.C. Prod. Vol. X. p. -11. 

 Reich, fl. p. 50. 



Perennial. Radical U'.ivos oval, alirni-tly contracted into winged 

 petioles; stem leaves ovate, acuminate, entire, the upper ones sessile, 

 or subsessile, slightly decurrent. I'racts ovate or lanceolate, sessile, 

 the lowest one only exceeding the calyx. Pedicels much shorter than 

 the calyx, spreading-ascending in fruit. Calyx segments lanceolate- 

 strapshaped, divided more than half-way do^vn. Tube of the corolla 

 straight, shorter than the calyx ; limb flat, regular, twice as broad 

 across as the length of the tube ; .'^eales finely pubescent. Style 

 shorter than the calvx. Nucules with an incurved scalelikc append- 

 age produced from the basal ring on the inner side, faintly wrinkled 

 and thickly punctate between the ridges. Plant sparingly and softly 

 hairy. 



By roadsides and in hedges. Rare, but widely distributed, and 

 probably introduced in most of its stations, though it may perhaj^s be 

 considered indigenous in the west f)f England. In Scotland and 

 Ireland it is certainly only an introduced [ilant, or has escaped from 

 cultivation. 



